We argue against the dominant view in the literature that concepts (understood as the standing meanings of general terms) are modulated in lexical modulation. We also argue against the alternative view that ‘grab bags’ of information that don’t determine extensions are the starting point for lexical modulation. In response to the problems with these views we outline a new model for lexical modulation that dispenses with the assumption that there is a standing meaning of a general term that is modified in the cases under consideration. In applying general terms we intend to conform with our linguistic ancestors and in doing so we take facts about the referents of these terms for granted. In cases of lexical modulation we become aware of facts we took for granted and we need to change the facts we take for granted in order to see ourselves as continuing in a practice. These changes result in utterances of the general term referring to different properties. In general, concepts are neither the starting point for lexical modulation nor the standing meanings of words.

中文翻译：

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没有概念的词法调制

我们反对文献中的主流观点，即概念（理解为一般术语的常设含义）在词汇调制中被调制。我们还反对另一种观点，即不能确定扩展的“抓包”信息是词汇调制的起点。针对这些观点的问题，我们概述了一种新的词汇调制模型，该模型无需假设在所考虑的案例中修改了一般术语的长期含义。在应用一般术语时，我们打算与我们的语言祖先保持一致，在这样做时，我们将有关这些术语所指对象的事实视为理所当然。在词汇调制的情况下，我们会意识到我们认为理所当然的事实，我们需要改变我们认为理所当然的事实，以便将自己视为继续实践。这些变化导致表示不同属性的通用术语的表达。一般来说，概念既不是词汇调制的起点，也不是词的常态意义。