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Theistic humanism and a critique of Wiredu's notion of supernaturalism
Critical Research on Religion Pub Date : 2017-09-29 , DOI: 10.1177/2050303217732134
Emmanuel Ifeanyi Ani 1
Affiliation  

In decrying the evils of supernaturalism, African philosopher Kwasi Wiredu (1931–) proposes humanism, by making concern for human well-being the basis for morality. However, the presentation of humanism as a simple replacement of supernaturalism is objectionable. Wiredu’s notion of supernaturalism is too narrow, since it is only a variant of supernaturalism. His reference to humanism is too broad, since humanism is an umbrella of very conflicting worldviews, such as that between secular and theistic humanism. Although Wiredu does not specify which variant of humanism he means, and although he acknowledges that the Akan (the author’s tribe in West Africa) believe in a Supreme Being, his general ontology shows that he is closer to the secular than the theistic variant. This article explores the ideological extensions of the two and argues that theistic humanism provides the compatibility needed for being religious and at the same time basing morality on humanistic/naturalistic concerns. In doing so, it distinguishes supernaturalism per se from its ethical and cosmological variants. As a corrective to Wiredu, this article blames these two variants of supernaturalism, rather than supernaturalism per se, for the evils that Wiredu adduces. The conclusion is that in theistic humanism, humanism escapes the dangers of ethical and cosmological supernaturalism without necessarily adopting the antisupernaturalist connotations currently popular with modern secular humanism.

中文翻译:

有神论的人文主义和对 Wiredu 超自然主义概念的批判

在谴责超自然主义的罪恶时,非洲哲学家 Kwasi Wiredu(1931-)提出了人文主义,将关注人类福祉作为道德的基础。然而,将人文主义描述为超自然主义的简单替代品是令人反感的。Wiredu 的超自然主义概念过于狭隘,因为它只是超自然主义的一种变体。他对人文主义的提及过于广泛,因为人文主义是非常矛盾的世界观的保护伞,例如世俗人文主义和有神论人文主义之间的世界观。尽管 Wiredu 没有具体说明他指的是哪种人文主义变体,并且虽然他承认阿坎人(作者在西非的部落)相信有至高无上的存在,但他的总体本体论表明,与有神论的变体相比,他更接近世俗。本文探讨了两者的意识形态延伸,并认为有神论的人文主义提供了宗教信仰所需的兼容性,同时将道德建立在人文/自然主义的关注之上。通过这样做,它将超自然主义本身与其伦理和宇宙学变体区分开来。作为对 Wiredu 的纠正,本文将 Wiredu 引述的罪恶归咎于超自然主义的这两种变体,而不是超自然主义本身。结论是,在有神论人文主义中,人文主义避开了伦理和宇宙学超自然主义的危险,而不必采用现代世俗人文主义当前流行的反超自然主义内涵。它将超自然主义本身与其伦理和宇宙学变体区分开来。作为对 Wiredu 的纠正,本文将 Wiredu 引述的罪恶归咎于超自然主义的这两种变体,而不是超自然主义本身。结论是,在有神论人文主义中,人文主义避开了伦理和宇宙学超自然主义的危险,而不必采用现代世俗人文主义当前流行的反超自然主义内涵。它将超自然主义本身与其伦理和宇宙学变体区分开来。作为对 Wiredu 的纠正,本文将 Wiredu 引述的罪恶归咎于超自然主义的这两种变体,而不是超自然主义本身。结论是,在有神论人文主义中,人文主义避开了伦理和宇宙学超自然主义的危险,而不必采用现代世俗人文主义当前流行的反超自然主义内涵。
更新日期:2017-09-29
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