This paper reconsiders the meaning of political action by way of a dialogue between Dewey, Thoreau, and Cavell. These philosophers demonstrate possibilities of political engagement and participation. Especially in response to the psychological and emotional dimensions of political crisis today, I shall claim that American philosophy can demonstrate something beyond problem-solving as conventionally understood in politics and that it has the potential to re-place philosophy in such a manner that politics itself is changed. First, I shall draw a contrast between the ways of political action demonstrated respectively by Dewey and Thoreau. Some points of divergence are revealed within American philosophy. I shall then explore the partially different sense of political action implied by Cavell’s ordinary language philosophy, identifying this as the politics of acknowledgment. Finally, I shall propose the idea of challenging inclusion as an alternative political education for human transformation, taking this as a key to changing politics.

中文翻译：

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不断变化的政治：梭罗、杜威和卡维尔，以及作为一种生活方式的民主

本文通过杜威、梭罗和卡维尔之间的对话重新思考政治行动的意义。这些哲学家展示了政治参与和参与的可能性。特别是针对当今政治危机的心理和情感层面，我将声称，美国哲学可以展示超出政治传统理解的解决问题的东西，并且它有可能以政治本身的方式取代哲学被改变。首先，我将对杜威和梭罗分别展示的政治行动方式进行对比。在美国哲学中揭示了一些分歧点。然后我将探讨卡维尔的日常语言哲学所隐含的部分不同的政治行动感，将此确定为承认政治。最后，我将提出挑战包容作为人类转型的替代政治教育的想法，并将其作为改变政治的关键。