The essay examines the influence of classical economics on an important episode in American 19th-century jurisprudence on business regulation, the Slaughterhouse Cases of 1873. It is well known that the dissents penned by Supreme Court Justices Field and Bradley lay down the fundamental doctrines of the later Lochner era of so-called laissez faire constitutionalism. The essay argues that these dissents were inspired by Adam Smith’s system of natural liberty and, in particular, by his views about the regulation of negative externalities and the undesirability of government-granted monopolies. The Smithian influence emerges even more clearly when the briefs presented by counsel for the plaintiffs John A. Campbell are considered. Those briefs contained most of the issues raised by the dissenting Justices; hence, it is claimed that Lochner’s intellectual roots may be traced back to Campbell and, from him, to Smith.

中文翻译：

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对警察权力的经典限制和屠宰场异议的经济基础

这篇文章考察了古典经济学对美国 19 世纪商业监管法理学中一个重要事件的影响，即 1873 年的屠宰场案例。众所周知，最高法院大法官菲尔德和布拉德利提出的异议奠定了商业监管的基本原则。后来的所谓自由放任宪政的洛克纳时代。这篇文章认为，这些异议是受到亚当·斯密的自然自由体系的启发，特别是受到他关于负外部性的监管和政府授予的垄断的不受欢迎的观点的启发。当考虑由律师为原告约翰·A·坎贝尔 (John A. Campbell) 提交的简报时，史密斯的影响就更加明显了。这些简报包含持不同意见的法官提出的大部分问题；因此，