Abstract Do children’s single words related to motion and change also encode aspects of environmental events highlighted by Talmy’s motion event analysis? If so, these meanings may predict children’s early verb meanings. Analyzing the kinds of meanings expressed in single “dynamic event words” through motion event semantics yields links between early true verbs in sentences and the semantics encoded in these single words. Dynamic event words (e.g., more, allgone, out, down) reflect the sense of temporal and spatial reversibility established in the late sensorimotor period. We propose that these dynamic meanings provide the semantic foundation for the most common verbs included in early sentences, and thus a bootstrap to full development of the verb repertoire. In this study, we followed the spoken language development (from single words to sentences) of five children. We identified dynamic event words as encoding dynamic change in the following dimensions: (1) spatial direction in relation to self; (2) vertical spatial direction; (3) figure/ground relationships; and (4) temporal event sequences. Verbs continuing the semantics previously identified in dynamic event words occurred early and dominated the verb repertoire through 24 months of age.

中文翻译：

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动态事件的婴儿单个单词可预测早期动词的含义

摘要儿童与运动和变化有关的单个单词是否也对Talmy的运动事件分析所强调的环境事件的各个方面进行编码？如果是这样，这些含义可以预测儿童的早期动词含义。通过运动事件语义分析单个“动态事件单词”中表达的含义种类，可以在句子中的早期真实动词与这些单词中编码的语义之间建立联系。动态事件词（例如，更多，全部，消失，下降）反映了在感觉运动后期建立的时间和空间可逆性。我们建议这些动态含义为早期句子中包含的最常见动词提供语义基础，从而为动词库的全面发展提供了一个后盾。在这项研究中，我们关注了五个孩子的口语发展（从单个单词到句子）。我们将动态事件词识别为在以下维度上编码动态变化：（1）相对于自我的空间方向；（2）垂直空间方向；（3）图/地关系；（4）时间事件序列。延续了先前在动态事件单词中识别的语义的动词出现得较早，并且在动词组中占据了整个24个月的时间。