Abstract This paper examines, on the basis of a longitudinal corpus of 50 early modern authors, how change at the aggregate level of the community interacts with variation and change at the micro-level of the individual language user. In doing so, this study aims to address the methodological gap between collective change and entrenchment, that is, the gap between language as a social phenomenon and the cognitive processes responsible for the continuous reorganization of linguistic knowledge in individual speakers. Taking up the case of the prepositional passive, this study documents a strong community-wide increase in use that is accompanied by increasing schematicity. A comparison of the 50 authors reveals that regularities arising at the macro-level conceal highly complex and variable individual behavior, aspects of which may be explained by studying the larger (social) context in which these individuals operate (e. g., age cohorts, community of practice, biographical insights). Further analysis, focusing on how authors use the prepositional passive in unique and similar ways, elucidates the role of small individual biases in long-term change. Overall, it is demonstrated that language change is an emergent phenomenon that results from the complex interaction between individual speakers, who themselves may change their linguistic behavior to varying degrees.

中文翻译：

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建构语法认知：将个人和社区语法联系起来

摘要本文在一个由50位早期现代作者组成的纵向语料库的基础上，研究了社区总体水平的变化与个体语言用户微观水平的变化和变化如何相互作用。在此过程中，本研究旨在解决集体变革与根深蒂固之间的方法论鸿沟，即作为一种社会现象的语言与负责个别说话者语言知识不断重组的认知过程之间的鸿沟。这项研究以介词被动语态为例，记录了在社区范围内使用的强劲增长，同时伴随着示意图的增加。对这50位作者的比较表明，宏观层面的规律性掩盖了高度复杂且易变的个人行为，这些方面可以通过研究这些人所处的更大的（社会）情境来解释（例如，年龄组，实践社区，传记见解）。进一步的分析着眼于作者如何以独特和相似的方式使用介词被动语态，阐明了个体偏见在长期变化中的作用。总体而言，事实证明，语言改变是一种新兴的现象，是由各个说话者之间复杂的交互作用导致的，说话者本身可能会在不同程度上改变其语言行为。阐明了个人小偏差在长期变化中的作用。总体而言，事实证明，语言改变是一种新兴的现象，是由各个说话者之间复杂的交互作用导致的，说话者本身可能会在不同程度上改变其语言行为。阐明了个人小偏差在长期变化中的作用。总体而言，事实证明，语言改变是一种新兴的现象，是由各个说话者之间复杂的交互作用导致的，说话者本身可能会在不同程度上改变其语言行为。