Carbon pricing has been the most prominent climate change mitigation policy for the EU since the launch of its emissions trading system (ETS) in 2005. Since then, the context of international climate policy as well as of the socio-political and economical context of decarbonisation has changed considerably. The 2015 Paris Agreement engages virtually every country unlike its predecessor, while non-carbon pricing policies have led to rapid cost reductions in renewables, even if other sectors (particularly in energy-intensive industry) have not seen similar developments. This paper examines how the role of carbon pricing in the EU climate policy mix has evolved from its beginnings as a means to help achieve modest targets under the Kyoto Protocol, to a policy instrument increasingly augmented by a wider policy mix aimed at reaching no net emissions of greenhouse gases by mid-century.

中文翻译：

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碳定价在欧盟的角色变化

自 2005 年推出排放交易体系 (ETS) 以来，碳定价一直是欧盟最突出的气候变化减缓政策。从那时起，国际气候政策的背景以及脱碳的社会政治和经济背景发生了很大变化。2015 年《巴黎协定》与其前身不同，几乎所有国家都参与其中，而非碳定价政策导致可再生能源成本迅速降低，即使其他行业（尤其是能源密集型行业）没有看到类似的发展。本文探讨了碳定价在欧盟气候政策组合中的作用是如何从一开始就演变为帮助实现《京都议定书》下的适度目标的一种手段，