Analyses of the 2011 Egyptian uprising assign a significant mobilizing role to the interpersonal networks created through Facebook and Twitter. However, these studies fail to investigate online networks in comparison with more traditional “offline” networks, which are similarly theorized to mobilize members to protest participation. In this paper, we analyze nationally representative Arab Barometer survey data from Egypt 2011 to compare the mobilizing effects of memberships in four different types of networks: online, union, community, and religious. We test whether these networks were distinct and operated in competition, or overlapping and operated in tandem to mobilize Egyptians to protest. We demonstrate that different networks mobilized different segments of the population, consistent with theories about the negative revolutionary coalition necessary for successful uprisings. We also show that multiple network membership increases protest propensity, and that individuals at the intersection of online networks and community group networks, such as those formed through membership in charity groups or sports clubs, are most likely to engage in revolutionary protest. These results speak to an important interactive effect between online and offline networks in terms of facilitating successful revolutionary uprisings.

中文翻译：

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Ctrl-Alt-Revolt？

对2011年埃及起义的分析认为，通过Facebook和Twitter建立的人际网络具有重要的动员作用。但是，与更传统的“离线”网络相比，这些研究未能调查在线网络，而传统的“离线”网络在理论上也被认为可以动员会员抗议参与。在本文中，我们分析了2011年埃及全国有代表性的阿拉伯晴雨表调查数据，以比较四种，四种类型的网络（在线，工会，社区和宗教）中会员的动员效果。我们测试了这些网络是否独特并在竞争中运作，还是重叠并串联运行以动员埃及人抗议。我们证明了不同的网络动员了人口的不同部分，与成功起义所必需的消极革命联盟的理论相一致。我们还表明，多个网络成员会增加抗议的倾向，而在线网络与社区团体网络相交处的个人（例如通过慈善团体或体育俱乐部的成员身份形成的个人）最有可能进行革命性抗议。这些结果表明，在线和离线网络之间在促进成功的革命起义方面具有重要的互动作用。最有可能进行革命抗议。这些结果表明，在线和离线网络之间在促进成功的革命起义方面具有重要的互动作用。最有可能进行革命抗议。这些结果表明，在线和离线网络之间在促进成功的革命起义方面具有重要的互动作用。