Relative to confrontations of other forms of prejudice and stereotyping, confronting gender stereotypes can be challenging, in part, because recipients may be unlikely to accept such feedback. Given the importance of accepting negative feedback in the promotion of reparative efforts, the present research investigated how to frame confrontations of gender stereotyping to be more readily accepted. Across three experiments (131 and 247 U.S. undergraduates; 174 U.S. MTurk workers), we investigated how different framings for confrontations of gender stereotyping, framed as targeting either positive or negative gender stereotypes, impacted participants’ confrontation acceptance, reduction of subsequent gender stereotyping, and concern with expressing gender bias in the future. After expressing stereotypes of women, participants were confronted or not. Confronted participants received feedback that their responses were prejudiced because they included positive or negative stereotypes of women. Results revealed that participants perceived the positive framing more favorably and were more likely to accept (i.e., believe to be accurate) the positive framing relative to the negative framing. Despite different reactions between confrontation framings, both the positive and negative confrontation framings similarly reduced subsequent gender stereotyping relative to no confrontation. Furthermore, both confrontation framings increased participants’ concerns with expressing gender stereotypes in the future. Taken together, these results provide initial insight about how to increase acceptance of confrontations of sexism and how to reduce stereotyping.

中文翻译：

---

直面性别歧视：通过刻板印象促进对抗接受并减少刻板印象

相对于对抗其他形式的偏见和成见，面对性别成见可能具有挑战性，部分原因是接受者可能不太可能接受此类反馈。鉴于接受负面反馈在促进修复工作中的重要性，本研究调查了如何构建更容易接受的性别刻板印象的对抗。在三个实验中（131 名和 247 名美国本科生；174 名美国 MTurk 工人），我们调查了针对正面或负面性别刻板印象的性别刻板印象对抗的不同框架如何影响参与者的对抗接受度，减少随后的性别刻板印象，以及担心在未来表达性别偏见。在表达了对女性的刻板印象后，参与者面临与否。面对面的参与者收到反馈，称他们的回答带有偏见，因为其中包含对女性的正面或负面刻板印象。结果表明，参与者对积极框架的看法更有利，并且相对于消极框架，他们更有可能接受（即，相信是准确的）积极框架。尽管对抗框架之间的反应不同，但相对于没有对抗，正面和负面的对抗框架都同样减少了随后的性别刻板印象。此外，两种对抗框架都增加了参与者对未来表达性别刻板印象的担忧。总之，这些结果提供了关于如何增加对性别歧视对抗的接受以及如何减少刻板印象的初步见解。