In recent years, sustainable issues have gained increasing importance in the higher education sector across the country. To remain competitive, higher education institutions (HEIs) have to engage themselves in providing world-class opportunities for higher education and research so that the beneficiaries may not be at a disadvantage in the international level. However, many HEIs still encounter barriers that can affect their growth. The purpose of this study is to identify and interpret the most significant barriers affecting the growth of HEIs in India and understand the mutual interactions and interdependence among them.,In this study, 12 barriers affecting the growth of HEIs in India were identified and sorted by literature review, and these were validated through discussion with experts. Contextual relationships were drawn between them during brainstorming sessions. A hierarchical, seven-level structural model of these barriers affecting the growth of HEIs was developed by utilizing the total interpretive structural modeling (TISM) approach.,The results of this study showed “lack of climate change research” as the topmost outcome of the model having the highest dependence and lowest driving power. “Facilitator domination over academic experts” occupied the bottom-level input, compared to other barriers of the model, with highest driving power and lowest dependence. Further, Matrice d'Impacts Croises – Multiplication Appliquee a un Classement (MICMAC) analysis was also performed to categorize the identified barriers for better understanding. Under MICMAC analysis, five barriers were categorized as driver barriers, four barriers as dependent barriers and the rest as linkage barriers, while none as autonomous. A TISM-based model that partitioned the barriers into different levels was developed, showcasing direct and important transitive relations.,The TISM-based model developed in this study may provide a more realistic approach to the problems faced by decision-makers, academicians and top managers in the growth of HEIs in India. Thus, it will provide a roadmap to focus on the most influential barriers and reduce or eliminate them.,The present study identified major barriers that when dealt with can help overcome the effect of other barriers preventing the growth of HEIs in India. It also introduces a model to identify and manage the barriers by understanding the effectiveness of each barrier and minimizing the overall effect in Indian HEIs. Moreover, the analysis of interdependence and interactions studied among these barriers may also help decision-makers, academicians and top managers to find deeper insights, prioritize and rectify them, to re-establish the growth of HEIs and gain a competitive advantage.

中文翻译：

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模拟高等教育机构发展的障碍

近年来，可持续问题在全国高等教育领域中的重要性日益提高。为了保持竞争力，高等教育机构（HEIs）必须参与提供世界一流的高等教育和研究机会，以便受益人可能不会在国际上处于不利地位。但是，许多高校仍然遇到可能影响其成长的障碍。这项研究的目的是找出并解释影响印度HEIs增长的最主要障碍，并理解它们之间的相互影响和相互依存。在本研究中，通过识别和分类了影响印度HEIs增长的12种障碍。文献综述，并通过与专家的讨论进行了验证。在头脑风暴会议期间，他们之间建立了上下文关系。利用总解释结构模型（TISM）方法，开发了影响HEIs生长的这些障碍的分层，七层结构模型。该研究结果表明，“缺乏气候变化研究”是该研究的最高结果。具有最高依赖性和最低驱动力的模型。与模型的其他障碍相比，“推动者主导学术专家”占据了底层的输入，具有最高的驱动力和最低的依赖性。此外，还进行了影响矩阵-乘积法应用非分类（MICMAC）分析，对识别出的障碍进行了分类，以更好地理解。根据MICMAC分析，将五个障碍归类为驱动因素，四个障碍是从属障碍，其余障碍是联系障碍，而没有障碍是自主障碍。建立了将障碍分为不同层次的基于TISM的模型，展示了直接和重要的传递关系。本研究中开发的基于TISM的模型可能为决策者，院士和高层人士面临的问题提供更现实的方法印度HEI增长的管理人员。因此，它将为关注最有影响力的障碍提供路线图，并减少或消除这些障碍。本研究确定了主要障碍，在应对这些主要障碍时，可以帮助克服其他阻碍印度HEI增长的障碍。它还介绍了一种模型，通过了解每种障碍的有效性并最大程度降低印度高校的整体影响来识别和管理障碍。而且，