This work examines assumptions of positivism and the traditional scientific method.,Insights from quantum mechanics are explored especially as they relate to method, measurement and what is knowable. An argument is made that how social scientists, particularly sociologists, understand the nature of “reality out there” and describe the social world may be challenged by quantum ideas. The benefits of utilized mixed methods, considering quantum insights, cannot be overstated.,It is the proposition of this work that insights from modern physics alter the understanding of the world “out there.” Wheeler suggested that the most profound implication from modern physics is that “there is no out there” (1982; see also Baggott, 1992). Grappling with how modern physics may alter understanding in the social sciences will be difficult; however, that does not mean the task should not be undertaken (see Goswami, 1993). A starting point for the social sciences may be relinquishing an old mechanistic science that depends on the establishment of an objective, empirically based, verifiable reality. Mechanistic science demands “one true reality – a clear-cut reality on which everyone can agree…. Mechanistic science is by definition reductionistic…it has had to try to reduce complexity to oversimplification and process to statis. This creates an illusionary world…that has little or nothing to do with the complexity of the process of the reality of creation as we know, experience, and participate in it” (Goswami, 1993, pp. 64, 66).,Many physicists have popularized quantum ideas for others interested in contemplating the implications of modern physics. Because of the difficulty in conceiving of quantum ideas, the meaning of the quantum in popular culture is far removed from the parent discipline. Thus, the culture has been shaped by the rhetoric and ideas surrounding the basic quantum mathematical formulas. And, over time, as quantum ideas have come to be part of the popular culture, even the link to the popularized literature in physics is lost. Rather, quantum ideas may be viewed as cultural formations that take on a life of their own.,The work allows a critique of positivist method and provides insight on how to frame qualitative methodology in a new way.,The work utilizes popularized ideas in quantum theory: the preeminent theory that describes all matter. Little work in sociology utilizes this perspective in understanding research methods.,Quantum insights have rarely been explored in highlighting limitations in positivism. The current work aims to build on quantum insights and how these may help us better understand the social world around us.

中文翻译：

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认识论，社会探究和量子理论

这项工作检验了实证主义和传统科学方法的假设。特别是从量子力学的角度探讨了与方法，测量和已知知识有关的见解。有人争论说，社会科学家，特别是社会学家如何理解“现实存在”的本质并描述社会世界可能受到量子观念的挑战。考虑到量子洞察力，采用混合方法的好处是不能夸大的。现代物理学的洞察力改变了人们对“外面”世界的理解，这是这项工作的命题。惠勒（Wheeler）提出，现代物理学最深刻的含意是“那里不存在”（1982；另见Baggott，1992）。很难理解现代物理学如何改变社会科学中的理解。然而，这并不意味着不应该执行这项任务（见Goswami，1993）。社会科学的起点可能是放弃旧的机械科学，而机械科学则依赖于建立客观的，基于经验的，可验证的现实。机械科学要求“一个真实的现实，每个人都可以同意的明确的现实……”。机械科学从定义上讲是还原论的……它不得不尝试将复杂性简化为过分简化，而过程则简化为统计。这创造了一个虚幻的世界……与我们知道，体验并参与其中的创造现实过程的复杂性几乎没有或完全没有关系”（Goswami，1993，第64、66页）。已将量子思想推广给有兴趣考虑现代物理学意义的其他人。由于难以理解量子思想，因此流行文化中量子的含义与母学科相去甚远。因此，文化是由围绕基本量子数学公式的修辞和思想所塑造的。而且，随着时间的流逝，由于量子观念已成为流行文化的一部分，甚至与物理学中普及文学的联系也消失了。相反，量子思想可能被视为具有自己生命力的文化形态。该作品提出了对实证主义方法的批判，并提供了关于如何以新方式构建定性方法的见解。理论：描述所有物质的卓越理论。社会学方面很少有工作利用这种观点来理解研究方法。在强调实证主义的局限性时，很少有关于量子洞察力的研究。当前的工作旨在利用量子洞察力以及这些洞察力如何帮助我们更好地了解周围的社会世界。