The Chesapeake Bay has an archaeological record that dates from the Paleoindian period to the early 20th century. In this paper, the research and analysis of artifact technologies recovered from six radiocarbon (14C) dated shell middens located at the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center in Maryland is provided. This paper demonstrates the ways in which the use of artifact analysis and 14C dating can provide information on human use of coastal resources, settlement-subsistence patterns, and serve as a tool to document sites threatened by coastal processes. Furthermore, this work demonstrates the ways in which the analysis of technologies from shell midden sites can be used to help guide contemporary oyster and other fisheries and natural resources management, restoration, conservation, and sustainability issues in the Chesapeake and other coastal areas.

中文翻译：

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作为美国切萨皮克湾历史基准的壳牌矿床和人类技术

切萨皮克湾的考古记录可以追溯到古印度时期到 20 世纪初。在本文中，提供了对从位于马里兰州史密森尼环境研究中心的六个放射性碳 (14C) 年代的贝壳中回收的人工制品技术的研究和分析。本文展示了使用人工制品分析和 14C 测年可以提供有关人类使用沿海资源、定居-生存模式的信息的方式，并作为一种工具来记录受沿海过程威胁的地点。此外，这项工作展示了如何利用贝壳堆场的技术分析来帮助指导当代牡蛎和其他渔业和自然资源管理、恢复、保护、