Abstract We examine the effects of school choice reforms implemented in the early 1990s in two different settings: Sweden and Milwaukee (WI, U.S.). We show how both the ideological and theoretical arguments for choice reform were similar in the two contexts, yet the consequences in terms of the organizational outcome and institutional sector configuration ended up strikingly dissimilar. While the new group of actors in the Swedish school system consisted primarily of large-scale for-profit schools, with only a minor share of the expansion being catered to by nonprofit actors, the Milwaukee school choice program became dominated by small-scale nonprofit schools operated by religious communities. We seek to explicate these differences by drawing on the welfare state literature and social origins theory, as well as from organizational and historical institutional theory. We argue that the resulting composition of providers is directly related to the deep-seated differences in the civil society regimes operating in the two contexts.

中文翻译：

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公民社会制度与择校改革：来自瑞典和密尔沃基的证据

摘要我们研究了1990年代初在瑞典和密尔沃基（美国威斯康星州）两种不同环境中实施的择校改革的效果。我们展示了在两种情况下选择改革的思想和理论论点是如何相似的，但是在组织结果和机构部门配置方面的后果却截然不同。瑞典学校系统中新的参与者群体主要是大型的营利性学校，而扩展中的一小部分是由非营利性参与者提供的，而密尔沃基的择校计划则由小型非营利性学校主导由宗教团体经营。我们试图通过借鉴福利国家文献和社会起源理论来阐明这些差异，以及来自组织和历史制度理论。我们认为，由此产生的提供者构成直接关系到在两种情况下运作的民间社会制度的深层差异。