The Late Formative period immediately precedes the emergence of Tiwanaku, one of the earliest South American states, yet it is one of the most poorly understood periods in the southern Lake Titicaca Basin (Bolivia). In this article, we refine the ceramic chronology of this period with large sets of dates from eight sites, focusing on temporal inflection points in decorated ceramic styles. These points, estimated here by Bayesian models, index specific moments of change: (1) cal AD 120 (60–170, 95% probability): the first deposition of Kalasasaya red-rimmed and zonally incised styles; (2) cal AD 240 (190–340, 95% probability): a tentative estimate of the final deposition of Kalasasaya zonally incised vessels; (3) cal AD 420 (380–470, 95% probability): the final deposition of Kalasasaya red-rimmed vessels; and (4) cal AD 590 (500–660, 95% probability): the first deposition of Tiwanaku Redwares. These four modeled boundaries anchor an updated Late Formative chronology, which includes the Initial Late Formative phase, a newly identified decorative hiatus between the Middle and Late Formative periods. The models place Qeya and transitional vessels between inflection points 3 and 4 based on regionally consistent stratigraphic sequences. This more precise chronology will enable researchers to explore the trajectories of other contemporary shifts during this crucial period in Lake Titicaca Basin's prehistory.

中文翻译：

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装饰陶器的时间拐点：玻利维亚南部的的喀喀湖盆地晚期形成年代学的贝叶斯改进

晚期形成时期紧接在提瓦纳库（南美洲最早的州之一）出现之前，但它是南的的喀喀湖盆地（玻利维亚）最不为人知的时期之一。在本文中，我们使用来自八个地点的大量日期来完善这一时期的陶瓷年表，重点关注装饰陶瓷风格的时间拐点。这些点，在这里由贝叶斯模型估计，索引特定的变化时刻：（1）公元 120 年(60–170, 95% 的概率)：Kalasasaya 红边带状切割样式的第一次沉积；(2)公元 240 年(190–340, 95% 的概率)：对 Kalasasaya 带状切割血管的最终沉积的初步估计；(3)公元 420 年(380–470, 95% 的概率)：卡拉萨萨亚红边血管的最终沉积；(4)公元 590 年(500–660, 95% 的概率): Tiwanaku Redwares 的第一次沉积。这四个建模边界锚定了一个更新的晚期形成年表，其中包括初始晚期形成阶段，一个新发现的中期和晚期形成时期之间的装饰中断。这些模型根据区域一致的地层序列将 Qeya 和过渡血管置于拐点 3 和 4 之间。这种更精确的年表将使研究人员能够在的的喀喀湖盆地史前时期的这个关键时期探索其他当代转变的轨迹。