Although gay men have reported experiencing labor market discrimination, re‐ search studies on a potentially discriminatory wage gap have reported mixed findings. We consider the Becker model of taste based discrimination which hypothesizes that we will observe, in the presence of discrimination, a smaller or non‐existent wage gap in more competitive markets. Using economic freedom at the state level as a measure of market competitiveness, and controlling for other influential characteristics, we analyze the wages of over 300,000 men in the United States to consider how economic freedom influences the wage gap between cohabitating gay men and married straight men be‐ tween the years 2000 and 2014. We find evidence consistent with model predictions in the presence of labor market discrimination for the states in the South and regions with the highest concentrations of religious households but not in the Northeast, West and less religious regions. Given the lower levels of public support of gay rights in the South and religious regions, this result suggests that gay men may be experiencing la‐ bor market discrimination in these regions but not in regions which typically offer more public support. These findings may help reconcile contradictory findings in previous research which did not explicitly allow for differential regional and religious influences.

中文翻译：

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基于品味的歧视、容忍和工资差距：经济自由何时对男同性恋有帮助？

尽管男同性恋者报告说经历了劳动力市场歧视，但关于潜在歧视性工资差距的研究报告的结果喜忧参半。我们考虑基于品味的歧视的贝克尔模型，该模型假设我们将观察到，在存在歧视的情况下，在更具竞争性的市场中，工资差距较小或不存在。使用州一级的经济自由作为市场竞争力的衡量标准，并控制其他有影响的特征，我们分析了美国超过 300,000 名男性的工资，以考虑经济自由如何影响同居男同性恋者和已婚异性恋者之间的工资差距在 2000 年和 2014 年之间。我们发现证据与模型预测一致，即南部各州和宗教家庭最集中的地区存在劳动力市场歧视，但东北部、西部和宗教较少的地区则不然。鉴于南方和宗教地区公众对同性恋权利的支持水平较低，这一结果表明男同性恋者可能在这些地区遭受劳动力市场歧视，但在通常提供更多公众支持的地区则不然。这些发现可能有助于调和先前研究中的矛盾发现，这些发现并未明确考虑到不同的地区和宗教影响。这一结果表明，男同性恋者可能在这些地区遭受劳动力市场歧视，但在通常提供更多公共支持的地区则不然。这些发现可能有助于调和先前研究中的矛盾发现，这些发现并未明确考虑到不同的地区和宗教影响。这一结果表明，男同性恋者可能在这些地区遭受劳动力市场歧视，但在通常提供更多公共支持的地区则不然。这些发现可能有助于调和先前研究中的矛盾发现，这些发现并未明确考虑到不同的地区和宗教影响。