After the Prophet Muhammad, the most contested figure in Islamic history would be his son-in-law, ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib. ʿAlī’s political rivals staunchly denounced him, his family and his partisans as impious criminals in his own lifetime and after his death. Shortly after his assassination, the Umayyads succeeded in obtaining the reins of the caliphate and establishing a dynasty that lasted close to a century. Medieval sources indicate that rhetoric and propaganda hostile to ‘Alī permeated public discourse under the Umayyads. Nonetheless, through the efforts of his admirers, ʿAlī became a respected authority in both Sunnī and Shīʿī Islam within a few centuries of his death. His nearly universal portrayal in Muslim literature as a pious authority rather obscures a centuries-long process of contestation and rehabilitation. This study considers the methods that ḥadīth transmitters and scholars employed to reconcile expectations regarding ʿAlī’s character and image in Sunnism with the vast and heterogeneous body of accounts about him. Sunnī scholars made use of their editorial privilege by transmitting selected versions of reports and omitting controversial material.

中文翻译：

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在逊尼派圣训和史学中对 ʿAlī 的改造

在先知穆罕默德之后，伊斯兰历史上最具争议的人物将是他的女婿ʿAlī b。阿比·塔利卜。ʿ阿里的政治对手坚决谴责他、他的家人和他的游击队员在他生前和死后都是不虔诚的罪犯。在他被暗杀后不久，倭马亚人成功地获得了哈里发的控制权，并建立了一个持续近一个世纪的王朝。中世纪的资料表明，在倭马亚王朝时期，对阿里怀有敌意的言论和宣传渗透到了公共话语中。尽管如此，通过他的崇拜者的努力，阿里在他死后的几个世纪内成为了逊尼派和什叶派伊斯兰教中受人尊敬的权威。他在穆斯林文学中几乎普遍被描绘为虔诚的权威，这掩盖了长达几个世纪的争论和康复过程。本研究考虑了 ḥadīth 的传播者和学者所采用的方法，以调和对 ʿAlī 在逊尼派中的性格和形象的期望与关于他的大量和异类的叙述。逊尼派学者通过传播选定版本的报告和省略有争议的材料来利用他们的编辑特权。