This paper aims to retrace the genesis of private share company in Ancient Rome as one of the greatest innovation in the history of management.,Relying on a thorough and systematic analysis of the available historical material, and modern research, the author reconstructs the first known form of private share company and the way it came into being under late Republic and early Empire.,The scope of commercial partnerships and bounds preventing them from concentration of capitals are shown. The popular myth of private corporations allegedly existing in Ancient Rome is debunked. The author reveals how existing business elements (union of co-owners, the module “slave – peculium – free administration” from individual enterprise, and the principle of inseparability of joint ownership) had been combined to form private share company. Are demonstrated its chief differences from corporation, and the untenability of attempts to deny the real existence of private share companies in Ancient Rome. By way of summing up, the pattern of innovations is brought into relief.,The material opens new vistas for historians and allows them to draw an exacter and more comprehensive picture of Roman private entrepreneurship. Experts in management get an opportunity to retrace the background of modern forms of business organizing. A broader circle of researchers may see what the real path of radical novelties – from the need for them to their implementation – is. And altogether, the author’s conclusions provide scholars with a key to understanding breakthrough phenomena of history.,The results obtained may be used in many courses related to the history of economics, business, management, innovations, etc. Besides, they allow practitioners to discern plainly the origins of new business forms and learn how to make for them or facilitate their growth.,The author's conception of viable novelties sheds light on the processes of social development and modernization. It may serve as an effective instrument in planning reforms and managing them.,The framework of Roman private share company and many allied issues are investigated for the first time. This type of enterprise is presented as a response to the functional request from private entrepreneurs. That is why the new organizational form, despite its radical nature, proved to be quite efficient, and caught on in business. The author infers from his findings a generalized pattern of innovations able to get integrated into reality.

中文翻译：

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企业管理的突破（罗马私人股份公司作为激进的新奇事物）

本文旨在追溯古罗马作为管理史上最伟大创新之一的私人股份公司的起源。,作者依靠对现有史料的深入系统分析和现代研究，重建了第一个已知的私人股份公司的形式及其在共和国晚期和帝国早期的形成方式。,显示了商业伙伴关系的范围和阻止他们资本集中的界限。据称存在于古罗马的私人公司的流行神话被揭穿了。作者揭示了现有的商业要素（共同所有者的联合、个体企业的“奴隶-财产-自由管理”模块、共同所有制不可分割的原则）是如何结合起来形成私人股份公司的。展示了其与公司的主要区别，以及否认古罗马私人股份公司真实存在的企图是站不住脚的。综上所述，创新的模式得以浮出水面。材料为历史学家开辟了新的视野，使他们能够更准确、更全面地描绘罗马私人创业的图景。管理专家有机会追溯现代商业组织形式的背景。更广泛的研究人员圈子可能会看到激进创新的真正路径——从对它们的需求到它们的实施——是什么。总而言之，作者的结论为学者们提供了理解历史突破性现象的一把钥匙。,所获得的结果可用于许多与经济史、商业史、管理史、创新等。此外，它们使从业者能够清楚地辨别新商业形式的起源，并学习如何为它们创造或促进它们的成长。作者关于可行的新事物的概念揭示了社会发展和现代化的过程。它可以作为规划改革和管理改革的有效工具。,首次研究了罗马私人股份公司的框架和许多相关问题。这种类型的企业是对私营企业家的功能要求的回应。这就是为什么新的组织形式尽管具有激进的性质，但被证明是非常有效的，并在业务中流行起来。作者从他的发现中推断出一种能够融入现实的广义创新模式。它们使从业者能够清楚地辨别新商业形式的起源，并学习如何为它们创造或促进它们的成长。作者对可行的新事物的概念揭示了社会发展和现代化的过程。它可以作为规划改革和管理改革的有效工具。,首次研究了罗马私人股份公司的框架和许多相关问题。这种类型的企业是对私营企业家的功能要求的回应。这就是为什么新的组织形式尽管具有激进的性质，但被证明是非常有效的，并在业务中流行起来。作者从他的发现中推断出一种能够融入现实的广义创新模式。它们使从业者能够清楚地辨别新商业形式的起源，并学习如何为它们创造或促进它们的成长。作者对可行的新事物的概念揭示了社会发展和现代化的过程。它可以作为规划改革和管理改革的有效工具。,首次研究了罗马私人股份公司的框架和许多相关问题。这种类型的企业是对私营企业家的功能要求的回应。这就是为什么新的组织形式尽管具有激进的性质，但被证明是非常有效的，并在商业中流行起来。作者从他的发现中推断出一种能够融入现实的广义创新模式。