Elton Mayo was a professor at a prestigious university, but not a researcher; a scholar, but more concerned with executives; a capitalist, but someone who downplayed monetary incentives; an insider, but someone whose own background was more of an outsider. These contradictions have resulted in scholars questioning Mayo’s impact on the field of management. Thus, this paper aims to critically review Mayo and his contributions to management through a lens calibrated to the context of his time, providing a more contextually accurate view of Mayo and his work and offering a clearer view of his meaningful impact on the field.,Using a combination of primary and secondary sources, the authors connect otherwise disparate information to critically review Mayo’s work within the context of its era.,The authors’ critical review of Mayo identified nine topical areas where Mayo and/or his work have been misunderstood or misinterpreted. For each area, the authors offer a more contextualized and appropriate interpretation of Mayo and his viewpoints, and thus more accurately informing the management literature.,This paper is the first to thoroughly revisit Mayo and his work through a contextualized lens, offering a more informed view of why Mayo’s seemingly controversial behaviors were actually quite standard behaviors given his context.

中文翻译：

---

重新评估埃尔顿梅奥：澄清矛盾和背景

埃尔顿梅奥是名牌大学的教授，但不是研究员；学者，但更关心高管；资本家，但对金钱激励轻描淡写的人；一个内部人员，但一个自己的背景更像是一个局外人的人。这些矛盾导致学者质疑梅奥对管理领域的影响。因此，本文旨在通过根据其时代背景校准的镜头批判性地回顾梅奥及其对管理的贡献，提供对梅奥及其工作的更准确的看法，并更清晰地了解他对该领域的有意义的影响。作者结合了主要和次要来源，将其他不同的信息联系起来，以批判性地审查梅奥在其时代背景下的工作。作者对梅奥的批判性审查确定了梅奥和/或他的工作被误解或曲解的九个主题领域。对于每个领域，作者都对梅奥及其观点进行了更加情境化和适当的解释，从而更准确地为管理文献提供了信息。,本文首次通过情境化的视角彻底重新审视梅奥及其工作，提供了更全面的信息考虑到为什么梅奥看似有争议的行为实际上是非常标准的行为，考虑到他的背景。