Although cognitive apprenticeship has been widely used in various educational fields, few empirical studies have examined its effectiveness in a workplace context. This study aims to investigate the effects of cognitive apprenticeship on junior doctors’ perceived professional growth in hospitals.,A retrospective questionnaire survey was performed that asked surgeons (n = 87) and physicians (n = 92) to recall how they were instructed by their supervisors during the first five years after graduation from medical school.,The results of multiple regression analyzes showed that all dimensions of cognitive apprenticeship (modeling, coaching, scaffolding, articulation, reflection and exploration) had positive effects on each doctor’s perceived growth, regardless of the type of clinical practice (surgeon vs physician) or the period of supervision. It was also found that physicians experienced significantly more coaching and scaffolding, and opportunities for, articulation and reflection, than surgeons.,Some of the data were collected through snowball sampling, and this study used a retrospective survey in which respondents were asked to recall past experiences.,Clinical supervisors in hospitals should adopt a cognitive apprenticeship model when supervising junior doctors. Surgical supervisors need to be more conscious of the benefits of cognitive apprenticeship.,This study confirmed that the six dimensions of cognitive apprenticeship had positive influences on the perceived growth of junior doctors, regardless of their clinical domains or period of supervision and that clinical domains influence the implementation of cognitive apprenticeship.

中文翻译：

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认知学徒制对初级医生感知成长的影响

尽管认知学徒制已广泛用于各个教育领域，但很少有实证研究检查其在工作场所的有效性。这项研究旨在调查认知学徒制对初级医生在医院中感知的专业成长的影响。进行了一项回顾性问卷调查，要求外科医生（n = 87）和医师（n = 92）回顾他们的指导方式。医学院毕业后的前五年，他们是主管。多元回归分析的结果表明，认知学徒的所有方面（建模，辅导，脚手架，表达，反思和探索）对每位医生的感知成长都有积极影响，无论临床实践的类型（外科医生与医师）或监督期限。还发现，与外科医生相比，医生经历了更多的教练和脚手架活动以及进行关节活动和反思的机会。一些数据是通过滚雪球采样收集的，并且该研究使用了一项回顾性调查，其中要求受访者回顾过去经验。医院的临床主管在监督初级医生时应采用认知学徒模式。外科督导员需要更加意识到认知学徒制的好处。这项研究证实，认知学徒制的六个维度对初级医生的感知成长具有积极影响，无论他们的临床领域或监管时间长短以及临床领域如何影响实施认知学徒制。