This paper investigates the relations between displacement, home, trauma and the self in the experience of refugees, which has become an issue of unexpected and far-reaching proportions in recent times. It questions to what extent and under what conditions displacement in the world may be traumatic and how trauma may be considered the effect of an inner displacement. Refugees' lives are marked by forced migration that is related to a certain suffering due to the changes in their family, relational, social and cultural lives. The paper explores the extent to which these changes can represent a break so significant as to be traumatic. It outlines the way in which traumatic experiences can produce an inner displacement and reorganization of one's mental life that leads to a focus on traumatic complexes. Under the most severe traumatic conditions, this can be understood as a displacement of the central axis of Self, in which the ego complex yields its position to other complexes, with a deep change in the organization and functioning of self. The experience of refugees highlights the way in which we live in a matrix of conscious and unconscious links between inner and outer worlds that need deeper and simultaneous consideration to understand their implications and mutual resonances for the psyche. Clinical cases of refugees will illustrate some aspects of these interconnections.

中文翻译：

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作为创伤的流离失所和作为难民经历的流离失所的创伤

本文探讨了难民经历中的流离失所、家园、创伤和自我之间的关系，这在近期已成为一个意想不到且影响深远的问题。它质疑世界上的流离失所在多大程度上和在什么条件下可能是创伤性的，以及如何将创伤视为内在流离失所的影响。难民的生活以被迫迁移为标志，这与由于家庭、关系、社会和文化生活的变化而导致的某种痛苦有关。这篇论文探讨了这些变化在多大程度上可以代表一个严重到造成创伤的中断。它概述了创伤经历如何导致一个人的精神生活的内在位移和重组，从而导致对创伤情结的关注。在最严重的创伤条件下，这可以理解为自我中心轴的位移，其中自我复合体将其位置让给其他复合体，自我的组织和功能发生了深刻的变化。难民的经历凸显了我们生活在内部世界和外部世界之间有意识和无意识联系的矩阵中的方式，需要更深入地同时考虑，以了解它们对心灵的影响和相互共鸣。难民的临床案例将说明这些相互联系的某些方面。难民的经历凸显了我们生活在内部世界和外部世界之间有意识和无意识联系的矩阵中的方式，需要更深入和同时考虑，以了解它们对心理的影响和相互共鸣。难民的临床案例将说明这些相互联系的某些方面。难民的经历凸显了我们生活在内部世界和外部世界之间有意识和无意识联系的矩阵中的方式，需要更深入地同时考虑，以了解它们对心灵的影响和相互共鸣。难民的临床案例将说明这些相互联系的某些方面。