This article describes several functions of presentative constructions in the Neo-Aramaic dialect of Zakho. Following a section introducing and discussing the forms, the presentative copula wēle (and in some cases the preverbal particle wal) is examined and found to have several functions: first, it serves as a concrete presentative and for an array of abstract presentative functions. Second, as wēle is first and foremost a copula, it is additionally found with different predicate types, most importantly in the formation of compound tenses, such as the present progressive and present perfect. Finally, in narrative it is also employed in circumstantial clauses.

本文介绍了扎科（Zakho）新亚拉姆方言中代表结构的几种功能。在介绍和讨论这些形式的部分之后，对代表性的copulawēle（在某些情况下，还包括前言质点wal）进行了检查，发现它具有多种功能：首先，它充当具体的表征和一系列抽象的表征功能。其次，由于wēle首先是系动词，因此还发现它具有不同的谓词类型，最重要的是在复合时态的形成中，例如当前的进行式和当前的完成式。最后，在叙述中，它也被用在间接条款中。