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‘Radical’ and ‘respectable’ traditions in Scottish adult education: The divergent pathways of John Maclean (1879–1923) and William Boyd (1874–1962)
Journal of Adult and Continuing Education ( IF 1.1 ) Pub Date : 2018-11-01 , DOI: 10.1177/1477971418816470
Walter Humes 1
Affiliation  

This paper uses the personal histories of two men, born in the same decade and both involved in the field of adult education in Scotland, to illustrate contrasting responses to the social and political changes taking place in the early 20th century. In methodological terms, it draws on recent writing on the relationship between biography and history. Both men came from working class backgrounds, attended Glasgow University and considered becoming church ministers. But both retreated from a religious vocation, one retaining his faith, the other rejecting it completely and replacing it with political ideology. Their very different types of involvement in adult education are described and analysed, noting in particular their opposing views on the Workers’ Educational Association. Possible reasons for their divergent pathways are explored in the final section. How much can be attributed to family background, individual psychology, networks of associates, attitudes to existing institutions, and a desire to promote greater social justice? How successful were their efforts to encourage community development (in one case) and class consciousness (in the other)? Why has one become a folk hero of the political left while the other, notwithstanding a strong public profile during his lifetime and a distinguished academic career which gained him international recognition, has been consigned to historical footnotes? While no definitive conclusions can be drawn, the analysis serves to illustrate the complex connections between personal biography and social history.

中文翻译:

苏格兰成人教育中的“激进”和“受人尊敬”的传统:约翰·麦克林(1879–1923)和威廉·博伊德(1874–1962)的分歧道路

本文使用了两个人的个人历史,他们在同一个十年中出生,并且都参与了苏格兰的成人教育领域,来说明对20世纪初发生的社会和政治变化的不同反应。在方法论上,它借鉴了关于传记与历史之间关系的最新著作。这两个人都来自工人阶级背景,就读于格拉斯哥大学,并考虑担任教会传道人。但是,两种人都退出了宗教活动,一种保留了自己的信仰,另一种则完全拒绝了宗教信仰,并以政治意识形态代替了宗教信仰。描述和分析了他们在成人教育中的不同类型,特别指出了他们对工人教育协会的反对意见。在最后一部分中探讨了它们不同途径的可能原因。家庭背景,个人心理,伙伴网络,对现有机构的态度以及促进更大的社会正义的愿望可以归结为多少?他们在鼓励社区发展(在一种情况下)和阶级意识(在另一种情况下)方面的努力有多成功?为什么一个人成为政治左翼的民间英雄,而另一个人尽管在其一生中享有很高的知名度,并获得了国际上的认可,却是杰出的学术生涯,却被赋予了历史脚注?虽然无法得出明确的结论,但该分析有助于说明个人传记与社会历史之间的复杂联系。个人心理,员工网络,对现有机构的态度以及是否希望促进更大的社会公正?他们在鼓励社区发展(在一种情况下)和阶级意识(在另一种情况下)方面所做的努力有多成功?为什么一个人成为政治左翼的民间英雄,而另一个人尽管在其一生中享有很高的知名度,并获得了国际认可,却是杰出的学术生涯,却被赋予历史脚注?虽然无法得出明确的结论,但该分析有助于说明个人传记与社会历史之间的复杂联系。个人心理,员工网络,对现有机构的态度以及是否希望促进更大的社会公正?他们在鼓励社区发展(在一种情况下)和阶级意识(在另一种情况下)方面的努力有多成功?为什么一个人成为政治左翼的民间英雄,而另一个人尽管在其一生中享有很高的知名度,并获得了国际认可,却是杰出的学术生涯,却被赋予历史脚注?虽然无法得出明确的结论,但该分析有助于说明个人传记与社会历史之间的复杂联系。并渴望促进更大的社会正义?他们在鼓励社区发展(在一种情况下)和阶级意识(在另一种情况下)方面的努力有多成功?为什么一个人成为政治左翼的民间英雄,而另一个人尽管在其一生中享有很高的知名度,并获得了国际认可,却是杰出的学术生涯,却被赋予历史脚注?虽然无法得出明确的结论,但该分析有助于说明个人传记与社会历史之间的复杂联系。并渴望促进更大的社会正义?他们在鼓励社区发展(在一种情况下)和阶级意识(在另一种情况下)方面的努力有多成功?为什么一个人成为政治左翼的民间英雄,而另一个人尽管在其一生中享有很高的知名度,并获得了国际上的认可,却是杰出的学术生涯,却被赋予了历史脚注?尽管无法得出明确的结论,但该分析有助于说明个人传记和社会历史之间的复杂联系。被委托给历史脚注?虽然无法得出明确的结论,但该分析有助于说明个人传记与社会历史之间的复杂联系。被委托给历史脚注?尽管无法得出明确的结论,但该分析有助于说明个人传记和社会历史之间的复杂联系。
更新日期:2018-11-01
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