Present and future challenges in our society demand a solid science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) knowledge base, innovative thinking, and the ability to ask the right questions to generate multiple solutions. To prepare innovators to meet these challenges, we must recognize and develop their talents. This advancement and growth can be encouraged through classroom activities, special schools, afterschool or summer programs, competitions, and informal learning opportunities that focus on STEM curricula and authentic experiences. Purposeful introductions, early exposure, and continuous development with science and engineering concepts can affect retention and sustain interest in STEM fields. This article describes how both in-school and informal science opportunities can provide authentic and experiential opportunities to stimulate students’ interests in science and engineering and foster their curiosity through problem-based investigations. In addition, the authors recommend appropriate STEM-focused professional development for teachers to provide engaging experiences for their students.

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为小学课堂的高级学习者增加早期工程机会：近期文献回顾

我们社会当前和未来的挑战需要坚实的科学、技术、工程和数学 (STEM) 知识基础、创新思维以及提出正确问题以生成多种解决方案的能力。为了让创新者做好迎接这些挑战的准备，我们必须承认并发展他们的才能。这种进步和成长可以通过课堂活动、特殊学校、课后或暑期课程、竞赛以及专注于 STEM 课程和真实体验的非正式学习机会来鼓励。科学和工程概念的有目的的介绍、早期接触和持续发展会影响对 STEM 领域的保留和保持兴趣。本文描述了校内和非正式科学机会如何提供真实的体验机会，以激发学生对科学和工程的兴趣，并通过基于问题的调查培养他们的好奇心。此外，作者建议教师进行适当的以 STEM 为重点的专业发展，为学生提供引人入胜的体验。