The digitalization of the economy can be interpreted as an industrial revolution, a series of technological innovations associated with new practices and new business models. As for previous industrial revolutions, a phase involving the destruction of existing systems and structures is driving a profound transformation of the world of work and the development of new sectors of activity and new jobs, including changes in the labour market and in the types of jobs created. This puts into question the position of the middle classes, and presents new challenges for social protection. This article seeks to understand the impacts of digital technology on the economy and employment, including the phenomena of labour market polarization. It describes the new forms of employment and work and analyses the social risks and the likely ramifications for the middle classes in the digital age. In turn, new possibilities for social protection in the digital age are discussed. The article concludes that there is a need to re‐evaluate jobs that involve the provision of personal and care services, including to support social investment, to strengthen the future prospects of the weakened middle classes.

中文翻译：

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工作、社会保障和中产阶级：数字时代的未来是什么？

经济数字化可以解释为一场工业革命，一系列与新做法和新商业模式相关的技术创新。与以往的工业革命一样，破坏现有系统和结构的阶段正在推动工作世界的深刻变革以及新活动部门和新工作的发展，包括劳动力市场和工作类型的变化创建。这对中产阶级的地位提出了质疑，并对社会保护提出了新的挑战。本文旨在了解数字技术对经济和就业的影响，包括劳动力市场两极分化的现象。它描述了新的就业和工作形式，并分析了数字时代中产阶级的社会风险和可能的后果。反过来，讨论了数字时代社会保护的新可能性。文章的结论是，有必要重新评估涉及提供个人和护理服务的工作，包括支持社会投资，以加强弱势中产阶级的未来前景。