The Default hypothesis on implicature processing suggests that a rapid, automatic mechanism is used to process utterances such as “some of his family are attending the wedding” to infer that “not all of them are attending”, an inference subject to cancellation if additional contextual information is provided (e.g. “actually, they are all attending”). In contrast, the Relevance hypothesis suggests that only context-dependent inferences are computed and this process is cognitively effortful. This article reviews findings on behavioural and neural processing of scalar implicatures to clarify the cognitive effort involved.

中文翻译：

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在行为和神经水平上标量隐含处理的经验证据：综述

关于隐式处理的默认假设表明，使用一种快速，自动的机制来处理诸如“他的一些家人正在参加婚礼”之类的话语，以推断“并非所有人都参加了婚礼”，如果有其他上下文，则该推理可能会被取消。提供了信息（例如“实际上，他们都在参加”）。相反，相关性假设表明，仅计算与上下文相关的推断，并且此过程在认知上很费力。本文回顾了关于标量含意的行为和神经处理的发现，以阐明所涉及的认知努力。