This paper reports on the first detailed experimental investigation of the perception of the felicity of evidential markers in context. We investigated the Japanese evidentials -rashii, -sooda, and -yooda in various discourse environments by manipulating two key variables: (a) whether there was any conjecture required, and (b) whether the information source was accessible firsthand to the speaker. This work provides a baseline against which future studies of other discourse variables can be measured, and our results present some challenges to established conceptions. For example, -rashii was found to be compatible with reportative utterances, building on its traditional categorization as a conjectural evidential. We situate our findings with respect to the typological literature and contemplate how the results may inform semantico-pragmatic theories of evidentiality. We further propose a slight modification to McCready and Ogata (2007) to account for the felicity of bare propositions with indirect information sources.

中文翻译：

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对日本证据-rashii，-sooda和-yooda的适用条件的实证研究

本文报道了在上下文中对证据标记的适用性的感知的首次详细实验研究。我们通过操纵两个关键变量来研究在各种语篇环境中的日本证据-rashii，-sooda和-yooda：（a）是否需要任何猜想，以及（b）说话人是否可以直接访问信息源。这项工作提供了一个基准，可以用来衡量将来对其他话语变量的研究，而我们的结果对既定概念提出了一些挑战。例如，-rashii被发现与报告话语兼容，这是基于其传统分类作为推测证据而建立的。我们将我们的发现与类型学文献联系起来，并考虑结果如何为语义-语用理论提供证据。我们进一步建议对McCready和Ogata（2007）进行一些修改，以说明带有间接信息源的裸命题的适用性。