Women entrepreneurship is the fundamental carter of economic development. This study aims to identify the dynamics that encourage entrepreneurial attitudes among women in MENA countries. More precisely, it required to scrutinize the role of the government, role models, the entrepreneurial training and women’s demographic characteristics in encouraging women to embrace entrepreneurship.,This study is based on primary data, where data were gathered from a sample of 300 women from MENA countries through a self-administered questionnaire and were subjected to one-way ANOVA tests. Different statistical tools were used to draw some valued conclusions from the gathered data. The study reveals that women entrepreneurs acknowledge the role played by the government, entrepreneurship training, role models and demographic variables in encouraging them to embrace entrepreneurship.,The government and the entrepreneurial training were found to be the greatest variables encouraging women to embrace entrepreneurship. Nevertheless, the low overall mean exhibited that most women do not believe that these bodies have played their role satisfactorily. Whereas the ANOVA results reveal that age and work experience were not important dynamics behind encouraging women to embrace entrepreneurship.,Data were collected from a sample of 300 women entrepreneurs with a simple random sampling technique from the following MENA countries: Oman, Qatar, Egypt, Jordan, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates. It is too difficult to approach the women respondents and then collect data from them especially in MENA countries; hence the sample is small and limited.,However, such studies are still in the minority, and, with few exceptions, most have been published in the niche. The study finds imperative for policymakers to go beyond measures that aim to address the challenges that individual women entrepreneurs face and to study the institutional framework affecting women entrepreneurship in relationship to motivations and resources. Additional care is desired to compel the environment and context to eliminate barriers to women entrepreneurship at source. The government should play a significant role in encouraging women to embrace entrepreneurship, especially in times of economic slowdown. World-wide, women are under-represented among the population of entrepreneurs, and they tend to have different motivations and intentions. The first, and most obvious, implication highlights governments need to create special funds for unlocking the potential by enhancing their levels of entrepreneurship skills using the traditional instruments such as training. The government should come up with new and specific training programmes, providing support for growth-oriented women entrepreneurs with dedicated business incubator and business accelerator programmes.,Entrepreneurs are strongly influenced by role models and social context. It is therefore important to promote women entrepreneurs as role models and ensure that the education system is gender-neutral and does not discourage women from going into different fields. Finally, more targeted actions can be taken to ensure that family policies, social policies and tax policies do not discriminate against entrepreneurship by women.,The author believes that only few entrepreneurship researchers are interested in feminist epistemology, disappointingly the more advanced understanding of feminism witnessed in sociology and the political science literature is not reflected in the field of entrepreneurship. Hence, there is a need for investigate the dynamics like government role, entrepreneurial training, role models and demographic characteristics, to have a fuller understanding of how they affect, to ensure a more accurate assessment of the outcomes for the development of women entrepreneurs in MENA countries. This study is an attempt to investigate the dynamics such as government role, entrepreneurial training, role models and demographic characteristics that encourage women to embrace entrepreneurship in MENA countries.

中文翻译：

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鼓励妇女拥抱创业的动力

妇女创业是经济发展的基本要素。这项研究旨在确定鼓励中东和北非国家妇女创业态度的动力。更确切地说，它需要仔细研究政府的角色，榜样，创业培训和妇女的人口特征，以鼓励妇女接受创业。这项研究基于主要数据，该数据是从300名来自MENA国家/地区通过自我管理的问卷调查表进行了单向方差分析。使用不同的统计工具从收集的数据中得出一些有价值的结论。该研究表明，女企业家承认政府的作用，企业家培训，鼓励她们接受创业的榜样和角色变量。政府和企业家培训被发现是鼓励妇女接受创业的最大变量。但是，总体平均水平较低表明大多数妇女不相信这些机构发挥了令人满意的作用。方差分析的结果表明，年龄和工作经验并不是鼓励妇女接受创业的重要动力。通过以下中东和北非国家/地区的300名女企业家的抽样数据，采用简单的随机抽样技术收集了这些数据：阿曼，卡塔尔，埃及，约旦，沙特阿拉伯和阿拉伯联合酋长国。尤其是在中东和北非国家，很难与女性受访者接触然后从她们那里收集数据；因此样本很小且有限。但是，此类研究仍然很少，除少数例外，大多数研究已在特定领域发表。该研究发现，决策者必须超越旨在解决个体女企业家所面临挑战的措施，并研究影响女企业家的动机和资源的体制框架。需要加倍注意以强迫环境和背景，从源头上消除对妇女创业的障碍。政府应在鼓励妇女接受企业家精神方面发挥重要作用，尤其是在经济放缓时期。在全球范围内，妇女在企业家人群中所占的比例不足，她们往往有不同的动机和意图。第一个也是最明显的 这意味着政府需要建立特殊的资金来通过利用培训等传统手段提高企业家技能水平来释放潜力。政府应提出新的专门培训计划，通过专门的企业孵化器和业务促进者计划为增长型女性企业家提供支持。企业家受到榜样和社会背景的强烈影响。因此，重要的是要促进女企业家成为榜样，并确保教育制度不分性别，并且不鼓励妇女进入不同领域。最后，可以采取更有针对性的行动，以确保家庭政策，社会政策和税收政策不歧视妇女的创业精神。作者认为，只有很少的企业家研究人员对女权主义认识论感兴趣，令人失望的是，社会学所见证的对女权主义的更高级理解以及政治科学文献并未反映在企业家精神领域。因此，有必要调查诸如政府角色，企业家培训，榜样和人口特征之类的动态，以更全面地了解它们的影响方式，以确保更准确地评估中东和北非地区女企业家的发展成果国家。这项研究旨在调查鼓励妇女在中东和北非国家接受创业的动力，例如政府角色，企业家培训，榜样和人口特征。