Unlike previous studies that examine the role of different entrepreneurial ecosystem factors in predicting entrepreneurial intentions. The purpose of this study is to explain the direct effects of entrepreneurial ecosystem factors effecting entrepreneurial intentions and configurational combinations of entrepreneurial ecosystem factors that cause high or low entrepreneurial intentions among female university students in Saudi Arabia.,The study used structured survey-questionnaire based data collected from 310 female students enrolled in different universities in Saudi Arabia. The study used symmetric analysis using structural equation modeling technique, whereas asymmetric analysis is performed using the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis, necessary condition analysis is also used to identify the role of different entrepreneurial ecosystem factors in increasing and/or decreasing entrepreneurial intentions among young Saudi women.,The results of symmetrical analysis show that access to finance, access to physical infrastructure, and cultural factors are not significantly associated with entrepreneurial intentions, whereas government policies and regulations, government programs and support, social factors and entrepreneurship education and training are significantly associated with the development of entrepreneurial intentions among female Saudi university students. While the result of asymmetrical analysis provides 15 configurational models that explains the high levels of certain factors to predict entrepreneurial intentions among female university students in Saudi Arabia. Specifically, social support is found as necessary condition in majority of models to predict high levels of entrepreneurial intentions among female Saudi university students.,The results of the study provide empirical evidence to policymakers in Saudi Arabia. The study proposes that it is not mandatory that the high levels of all entrepreneurial ecosystem factors are important to predict high entrepreneurial intentions, rather in some conditions the low levels of certain factors are obligatory to predict high levels of entrepreneurial intentions.,Two-step mix-method approach is used in this study containing analysis of symmetric within entrepreneurial ecosystem increase or decrease entrepreneurial intentions among female university students in Saudi Arabia. There has been plenty of research that examines the role of entrepreneurial ecosystem factors in development of university students’ entrepreneurial intentions, however there is less research evident in the entrepreneurship literature that examine the configurational effects of factors within entrepreneurial ecosystem in increasing and/or decreasing entrepreneurial intentions among female university students.

中文翻译：

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沙特阿拉伯女大学生创业意向的对称和非对称建模

与先前的研究不同，后者研究了不同的企业家生态系统因素在预测企业家意图中的作用。这项研究的目的是解释影响企业家意图的企业家生态系统因素的直接影响以及沙特阿拉伯女大学生中导致企业家意图高或低的企业家生态系统因素的结构组合。该研究使用基于结构化调查问卷的数据收集了来自沙特阿拉伯不同大学的310名女学生的资料。该研究使用结构方程建模技术进行对称分析，而使用模糊集定性比较分析进行不对称分析，必要条件分析还用于确定沙特青年女性中不同创业生态系统因素在增加和/或减少创业意向中的作用。对称分析的结果表明，获得融资，获得有形基础设施和文化因素的机会不大。沙特阿拉伯女大学生的创业意向显着相关，而政府的政策法规，政府计划和支持，社会因素以及创业教育和培训则与创业意向显着相关。不对称分析的结果提供了15种配置模型，这些模型解释了预测沙特阿拉伯女大学生创业意图的某些因素的高水平。具体而言，在大多数模型中，社会支持被认为是预测沙特女性大学生创业意愿高水平的必要条件。研究结果为沙特阿拉伯的决策者提供了经验证据。该研究提出，并非必须强制所有企业家生态系统因素的高水平对预测较高的企业家意图具有重要意义，而是在某些情况下，某些因素的低水平对预测较高的企业家意图具有强制性。两步混合本研究中使用的方法方法包含分析沙特阿拉伯女大学生创业生态系统内对称性增加或减少创业意图的情况。