Work stress is one key health outcome that is responsive to the work–family interface, particularly to the extent to which work and family life lead to conflict outside of their respective spheres. Previous scholarship examining work stress cross-nationally has highlighted the culturally specific work expectations that shape worker experiences in the workplace. However, those work expectations are shaped by cultural opportunities for women and men. This article adds to the literature on cross-national understandings of work using 2010 European Social Survey data (N = 4,278 women and 3,712 men) to examine the extent to which country-level differences in gender equality shape the experiences of worker stress in 26 countries. After controlling for individual-level demands and resources (in the home and workplace), the analysis yields two key findings. First, there is an association between work-to-family conflict and worker stress for both women and men, but the association between family-to-work conflict and worker stress was evident only among women. Second, the gendered cultural context shapes women’s experience of workplace stress both directly and through moderating the negative influences of work-to-family and family-to-work conflict. The findings have specific significance for understanding how cultural context shapes whether workplace policies can be used as mechanisms to reduce worker stress.

中文翻译：

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性别文化背景下的工作家庭关系：对工作压力的跨国分析

工作压力是对工作与家庭关系做出反应的一项重要健康结果，尤其是在工作和家庭生活导致各自领域之外的冲突的程度上。以前的奖学金是跨国研究工作压力的奖学金，着重强调了特定于文化的工作期望，这些期望塑造了工人在工作场所的体验。但是，这些工作期望是由男女文化机会决定的。本文使用2010年欧洲社会调查的数据（N = 4,278名女性和3,712名男性）将有关跨国工作理解的文献添加到文献中，以研究26个国家/地区的性别平等差异在多大程度上影响了工人的压力体验。在控制了个人水平的需求和资源（在家中和工作场所中）后，分析得出两个关键发现。首先，男女之间在工作与家庭之间的冲突与工人压力之间存在关联，但是，只有在女性中，家庭与工作之间的冲突与工人压力之间的联系才明显。其次，性别文化背景直接或通过减轻工作对家庭和家庭对工作冲突的负面影响，塑造了妇女的工作压力。这些发现对于理解文化背景如何影响工作场所政策是否可以用作减轻工人压力的机制具有特殊意义。性别文化背景直接或通过减轻工作对家庭和家庭对工作冲突的负面影响，塑造了妇女的工作压力。这些发现对于理解文化背景如何影响工作场所政策是否可以用作减轻工人压力的机制具有特殊意义。性别文化背景直接或通过减轻工作对家庭和家庭对工作冲突的负面影响，塑造了妇女的工作压力。这些发现对于理解文化背景如何影响工作场所政策是否可以用作减轻工人压力的机制具有特殊意义。