The poverty-related attainment gap is an internationally recognised problem. There is growing recognition that it cannot either be understood or addressed without taking cognisance of children’s mental health and wellbeing. The focus of this conceptual article is to examine the impact of social inequality and poverty on the mental health and wellbeing and attainment of children and young people in Scotland through the lens of resilience. While not a ‘state of the art’ literature review, a systematic approach was adopted in the selection of the literature and in the identification of themes to emerge from it. A range of risk and protective factors at the individual, social, societal and political levels emerged as impacting on the mental health and wellbeing and attainment of children living in poverty, and three important mediating variables are the negative impact of social stratification and adverse childhood experiences and the positive impact of a supportive adult. Schools alone cannot solve the problem. The findings revealed that there is a need to build a strong infrastructure around families and schools and to examine how economic, social, health and educational policy interact with each other as a starting point in addressing the problem, supported by inter-disciplinary research.

中文翻译：

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探索社会不平等和贫困对苏格兰儿童和青少年心理健康和福祉的影响

与贫困有关的成就差距是一个国际公认的问题。人们越来越认识到，如果不考虑儿童的心理健康和福祉，就无法理解或解决这一问题。这篇概念性文章的重点是通过复原力的视角研究社会不平等和贫困对苏格兰儿童和年轻人的心理健康和福祉以及成就的影响。虽然不是“最先进的”文献综述，但在选择文献和确定从中出现的主题时采用了系统的方法。出现了一系列个人、社会、社会和政治层面的风险和保护因素，对生活贫困的儿童的心理健康和福祉以及成就产生影响，三个重要的中介变量是社会分层和不良童年经历的负面影响以及支持性成年人的积极影响。仅靠学校无法解决问题。调查结果表明，需要在家庭和学校周围建立强大的基础设施，并在跨学科研究的支持下，研究经济、社会、卫生和教育政策如何相互影响，作为解决问题的起点。