“The Star of David and the Stars Outside: The Poetics and Semiotics of Jewish Folklore and of Zionism” written in memory of Dov Noy by his disciple and successor, proposes the perspectives of folklore studies and semiotics as the basis for a critical reading of Gershom Scholem’s essay “Magen David”. The author of the present article reviews the various subsequent versions of Scholem’s essay that was first published in 1947 in Hebrew in an annual literary supplement of the daily Haaretz. The essay stated Scholem’s harsh criticism against the adoption of the Star of David as a Jewish national symbol by Zionist cultural and political institutions. Earlier scholarship has shown how “Magen David” digressed from the usual topics at the focus of Scholem’s magisterial oeuvre, especially the texts of Jewish mysticism interpreted in the light of the phenomenology of religion and historical philology. The present author suggests that the methodological tools that Scholem had honed for reading historical texts on mysticism may not have the same pertinence for analyzing the historical evolvement and transformations of a symbol like the Star of David that has often appeared in contexts of everyday life, magic customs and visual culture. Scholem’s strong rejection of the holistic picture of Jewish folk religion including mystical, magical and poetic expressions, isolating mysticism from all these as a separate, philosophical discourse and phenomenon, did not enable him to see the strong identification of Jews who practiced those more concrete forms of Jewish life sometimes using the symbol of Magen David. Scholem’s choice to publish this essay in Hebrew and in a literary organ, is here interpreted as his attempt to take part in the shaping of Zionist poetical discourse. The relevance of the symbol that he chose for participating in the poetics of the era is demonstrated by an analysis of the focus on stars in the poetry of two dominant poets of Hebrew Zionist culture who were both active in the years before and after the publication of Scholem’s “Magen David” essay, Natan Alterman and Haim Gouri.

中文翻译：

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大卫之星和外面的星星：犹太民间传说和犹太复国主义的诗学和符号学

“大卫之星和外面的星星：犹太民俗和犹太复国主义的诗学和符号学”由他的弟子和继任者为纪念多夫·诺伊而写，提出民俗研究和符号学的观点作为批判性阅读 Gershom 的基础舒勒姆的论文“红大卫”。本文的作者回顾了 Scholem 论文的各种后续版本，该论文于 1947 年首次以希伯来语发表在每日 Haaretz 的年度文学增刊中。这篇文章陈述了肖勒姆对犹太复国主义文化和政治机构采用大卫之星作为犹太民族象征的严厉批评。早期的学术研究表明，“红大卫”是如何偏离 Scholem 的权威作品集中的通常主题的，尤其是根据宗教现象学和历史文献学解释的犹太神秘主义文本。本作者认为，Scholem 为阅读有关神秘主义的历史文本而磨练的方法论工具可能与分析像大卫之星这样经常出现在日常生活、魔法背景中的符号的历史演变和转变具有同样的针对性。风俗习惯和视觉文化。肖勒姆强烈拒绝犹太民间宗教的整体图景，包括神秘的、神奇的和诗意的表达，将神秘主义与所有这些作为一个单独的哲学话语和现象隔离开来，使他无法看到实践这些更具体形式的犹太人的强烈认同有时使用红大卫像的象征来描述犹太人的生活。肖勒姆选择用希伯来语和文学机构发表这篇文章，在这里被解释为他试图参与犹太复国主义诗歌话语的塑造。他为参与那个时代的诗学而选择的符号的相关性通过分析希伯来犹太复国主义文化的两位主要诗人的诗歌中对星星的关注来证明，他们都活跃在《圣经》出版前后的几年里。 Scholem 的“Magen David”文章，Natan Alterman 和 Haim Gouri。