Soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC; ADCY10) is a bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻)-regulated enzyme responsible for the generation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). sAC is distributed throughout the cell and within organelles and, as such, plays a role in numerous cellular signalling pathways. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) nearly instantaneously equilibrate HCO₃⁻, protons and carbon dioxide (CO₂); because of the ubiquitous presence of CAs within cells, HCO₃⁻-regulated sAC can respond to changes in any of these factors. Thus, sAC can function as a physiological HCO₃⁻/CO₂/pH sensor. Here, we outline examples where we have shown that sAC responds to changes in HCO₃⁻, CO₂ or pH to regulate diverse physiological functions.

可溶性腺苷酸环化酶（sAC；ADCY10）是一种碳酸氢盐（HCO ₃ ^- ）调节的酶，负责生成环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）。 sAC 分布在整个细胞和细胞器内，因此在许多细胞信号传导途径中发挥作用。碳酸酐酶 (CA) 几乎瞬时平衡 HCO ₃ ^- 、质子和二氧化碳 (CO ₂ )；由于细胞内 CA 无处不在，HCO ₃ ^-调节的 sAC 可以对任何这些因素的变化做出反应。因此，sAC可以充当生理HCO ₃ ^- /CO ₂ /pH传感器。在这里，我们概述了一些例子，其中我们已经证明 sAC 响应 HCO ₃ ^- 、CO ₂或 pH 的变化来调节不同的生理功能。