Combination of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and biomaterials is a rapidly growing approach in regenerative medicine particularly for chronic degenerative disorders including osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. The present study examined the effect of biomaterial scaffolds on equine adipose-derived MSC morphology, viability, adherence, migration, and osteogenic differentiation. MSCs were cultivated in conjunction with collagen CultiSpher-S Microcarrier (MC), nanocomposite xerogels B30 and combined B30 with strontium (B30Str) biomaterials in osteogenic differentiation medium either under static or mechanical fluid shear stress (FSS) culture conditions. The data were generated by histological means, live cell imaging, cell viability, adherence and migration assays, semi-quantification of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and quantification of the osteogenic markers runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression. The data revealed that combined mechanical FSS with MC but not B30 enhanced MSC viability and promoted their migration. Combined osteogenic medium with MC, B30, and B30Str increased ALP activity compared to cultivation in basal medium. Osteogenic induction with MC, B30, and B30Str resulted in diffused matrix mineralization. The combined osteogenic induction with biomaterials under mechanical FSS increased Runx2 protein expression either in comparison to those cells cultivated in BM or those cells induced under static culture. Runx2 and ALP expression was upregulated following combined osteogenic differentiation together with B30 and B30Str regardless of static or FSS culture. Taken together, the data revealed that FSS in conjunction with biomaterials promoted osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. This combination may be considered as a marked improvement for clinical applications to cure bone defects.

中文翻译：

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高分子生物材料与流体剪切应力的组合可促进马脂肪间充质干细胞的成骨分化能力

间充质干细胞（MSCs）与生物材料的结合是再生医学中快速发展的方法，特别是针对包括骨关节炎和骨质疏松症在内的慢性退化性疾病。本研究检查了生物材料支架对马脂肪来源的MSC形态，生存力，粘附，迁移和成骨分化的影响。在静态或机械流体剪切应力（FSS）培养条件下，将MSC与胶原CultiSpher-S微载体（MC），纳米复合干凝胶B30结合，并在成骨分化培养基中将B30与锶（B30Str）生物材料混合。数据是通过组织学方法，活细胞成像，细胞生存力，粘附和迁移分析，碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性的半定量，和量化成骨标记物矮子相关转录因子2（Runx2）和碱性磷酸酶（ALP）的表达。数据显示，机械FSS与MC结合但与B30结合却不能增强MSC的生存能力并促进其迁移。与在基础培养基中培养相比，将成骨培养基与MC，B30和B30Str结合使用可提高ALP活性。MC，B30和B30Str的成骨诱导导致扩散的基质矿化。与在BM中培养的那些细胞或在静态培养下诱导的那些细胞相比，在机械FSS下与生物材料结合的成骨诱导可以提高Runx2蛋白的表达。不论是静态培养还是FSS培养，结合成骨分化以及B30和B30Str后，Runx2和ALP的表达均被上调。在一起 数据显示，FSS与生物材料结合可促进MSC的成骨分化。这种组合可以被认为是临床上治愈骨缺损的显着改善。