Proactive defense is one of the most promising approaches to enhance cyber-security in the power systems, while how to balance its costs and benefits has not been fully studied. This paper proposes a novel method to model cyber adversarial behaviors as attackers contending for the defenders’ benefit based on the game theory. We firstly calculate the final benefit of the hackers and defenders in different states on the basis of the constructed models and then predict the possible attack behavior and evaluate the best defense strategy for the power systems. Based on a real power system subnet, we analyze 27 attack models with our method, and the result shows that the optimal strategy of the attacker is to launch a small-scale attack. Correspondingly, the optimal strategy of the defender is to conduct partial-defense.

中文翻译：

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从攻击角度探讨电力系统的最佳主动防御策略

主动防御是增强电力系统网络安全的最有前途的方法之一，而如何平衡其成本和收益尚未得到充分研究。本文提出了一种基于博弈论的网络对抗行为，即攻击者为维护者利益而战的新方法。我们首先根据构建的模型计算不同状态下黑客和防御者的最终利益，然后预测可能的攻击行为并评估电力系统的最佳防御策略。在一个真实的电力系统子网的基础上，用我们的方法分析了27种攻击模型，结果表明，攻击者的最佳策略是发动小规模攻击。相应地，防守者的最佳策略是进行部分防守。