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Astaxanthin Extraction from Marine Crustacean Waste Streams: An Integrate Approach between Microwaves and Supercritical Fluids
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-11 , DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c06534 Ana N. Nunes 1, 2 , Ana Roda 1 , Luís F. Gouveia 3 , Naiara Fernández 1 , Maria Rosário Bronze 1, 2, 3, 4 , Ana A. Matias 1
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-11 , DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c06534 Ana N. Nunes 1, 2 , Ana Roda 1 , Luís F. Gouveia 3 , Naiara Fernández 1 , Maria Rosário Bronze 1, 2, 3, 4 , Ana A. Matias 1
Affiliation
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Marine crustacean waste streams, in particular crab wastes, are promising alternative sources of astaxanthin (ASX), a highly demanded carotenoid with strong antioxidant capacity currently very used for nutraceutical and functional food formulations. However, the composition and rigid structure of crab exoskeleton constitute a critical bottleneck for ASX recovery from these residues. In this work, an extraction strategy is proposed for obtaining an ASX-rich extract from crab shell wastes, integrating microwaves (MW) pretreatment and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). The multivariate nature of the processes involved is expected to lead to a nonadditive contribution of the individual factors effects on the extract quality and quantity. As such, design of experiments approaches were used to screen and optimize the processes. MW pretreatment with different solvent systems (hydroalcoholic mixtures with 0–50 vol % of water) at different temperatures (40–140 °C) were applied followed by conventional solvent extraction for crab shell structure disruption. Different SFE conditions, namely pressure (200–500 bar), temperature (40–60 °C), ethanol content in the supercritical CO2 (8–13 wt %), and equilibration time (0–30 min) were also explored in order to selectively recover ASX. Optimized operating conditions of each process individually were selected and ASX extraction efficiency through the integrated MW pretreatment and SFE strategy was assessed. All the extractable ASX was selectively recovered 12 times faster than traditional Soxhlet extraction, demonstrating that the proposed extraction approach significantly improves the extraction efficiency. This study suggests that integration of MW pretreatment with SFE can be considered a good strategy for intensification of ASX extraction from crab residues. With this extraction approach, not only have marine crustacean waste streams been valorized, but also a high added value natural ingredient has been isolated, allowing for its subsequent use.
中文翻译：
从海洋甲壳类废物流中提取虾青素：微波和超临界流体之间的整合方法。
海洋甲壳类废物流，特别是蟹类废物，有望成为虾青素（ASX）的替代来源，虾青素是一种需求量很大的类胡萝卜素，具有强大的抗氧化能力，目前非常用于营养食品和功能性食品配方。但是，螃蟹外骨骼的组成和刚性结构构成了从这些残留物中回收ASX的关键瓶颈。在这项工作中，提出了一种提取策略，用于从蟹壳废料中获得富含ASX的提取物，并结合了微波（MW）预处理和超临界流体提取（SFE）。预期所涉及方法的多元性质将导致各个因素对提取物质量和数量的非累加贡献。因此，实验方法的设计被用来筛选和优化过程。在不同的温度（40–140°C）下，使用不同的溶剂系统（水含量为0–50 vol％的水醇混合物）进行MW预处理，然后进行常规的溶剂萃取以破坏蟹壳结构。不同的SFE条件，即压力（200–500 bar），温度（40–60°C），超临界CO中的乙醇含量为了选择性地回收ASX，还研究了2（8-13 wt％）和平衡时间（0-30 min）。分别选择每个过程的最佳操作条件，并通过集成的MW预处理和SFE策略评估ASX提取效率。与传统的索氏提取相比，所有可提取的ASX的选择性回收速度都快12倍，表明所提出的提取方法显着提高了提取效率。这项研究表明，MW预处理与SFE的整合可以被认为是加强从螃蟹残留物中提取ASX的好策略。通过这种提取方法，不仅使海洋甲壳类废物流得到了增值，而且还分离出了高附加值的天然成分，使其可以随后使用。
更新日期：2021-03-01
中文翻译：
从海洋甲壳类废物流中提取虾青素：微波和超临界流体之间的整合方法。
海洋甲壳类废物流，特别是蟹类废物，有望成为虾青素（ASX）的替代来源，虾青素是一种需求量很大的类胡萝卜素，具有强大的抗氧化能力，目前非常用于营养食品和功能性食品配方。但是，螃蟹外骨骼的组成和刚性结构构成了从这些残留物中回收ASX的关键瓶颈。在这项工作中，提出了一种提取策略，用于从蟹壳废料中获得富含ASX的提取物，并结合了微波（MW）预处理和超临界流体提取（SFE）。预期所涉及方法的多元性质将导致各个因素对提取物质量和数量的非累加贡献。因此，实验方法的设计被用来筛选和优化过程。在不同的温度（40–140°C）下，使用不同的溶剂系统（水含量为0–50 vol％的水醇混合物）进行MW预处理，然后进行常规的溶剂萃取以破坏蟹壳结构。不同的SFE条件，即压力（200–500 bar），温度（40–60°C），超临界CO中的乙醇含量为了选择性地回收ASX，还研究了2（8-13 wt％）和平衡时间（0-30 min）。分别选择每个过程的最佳操作条件，并通过集成的MW预处理和SFE策略评估ASX提取效率。与传统的索氏提取相比，所有可提取的ASX的选择性回收速度都快12倍，表明所提出的提取方法显着提高了提取效率。这项研究表明，MW预处理与SFE的整合可以被认为是加强从螃蟹残留物中提取ASX的好策略。通过这种提取方法，不仅使海洋甲壳类废物流得到了增值，而且还分离出了高附加值的天然成分，使其可以随后使用。
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