Research emphasizes the value of disaster preparation and the importance of experience in doing so, yet most companies fail to prepare. The antecedents of preparation are poorly understood, in part, because experience by itself only partly explains the story. To address these concerns, we developed two unique surveys: one from an international survey in 18 disaster-prone countries and another from a U.S. survey in New York City and Miami. We find that organizational experience with natural disasters increases preparedness for future hazards. Also, organizational learning from other businesses and organiztions positively mediates this relationship. Managers are more willing to learn from others in locations characterized by high-impact, low-frequency disasters. In areas with low impact, high frequency disasters, managers more likely misjudge the severity of natural disasters.

中文翻译：

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风暴正在酝酿：高风险地区备灾的前因

研究强调备灾的价值和备灾经验的重要性，但大多数公司未能做好准备。人们对准备的前因知之甚少，部分原因是经验本身只能部分解释这个故事。为了解决这些问题，我们开展了两项独特的调查：一项来自对 18 个灾害多发国家的国际调查，另一项来自美国在纽约市和迈阿密的调查。我们发现组织在自然灾害方面的经验可以提高对未来灾害的准备。此外，从其他企业和组织的组织学习积极地调节了这种关系。在以高影响、低频率灾难为特征的地区，管理人员更愿意向他人学习。在低影响、高频率灾害的地区，