Diverse exercise-induced adaptations following aerobic endurance compared to strength-training programs is well documented, however, there is paucity of research specifically focused on adaptations in the respiratory system. The aim of the study was to examine whether differences in lung function and respiratory muscle strength exist between trainers predominately engaged in endurance compared to strength-related exercise. A secondary aim was to investigate if lung function and respiratory muscle strength were associated with one-repetition maximum (1RM) in the strength trainers, and with VO₂ max and fat-free mass in each respective group. Forty-six males participated in this study, consisting of 24 strength-trained (26.2 ± 6.4 years) and 22 endurance-trained (29.9 ± 7.6 years) participants. Testing involved measures of lung function, respiratory muscle strength, VO₂ max, 1RM, and body composition. The endurance-trained compared to strength-trained participants had greater maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) (11.3%, p = 0.02). The strength-trained compared to endurance-trained participants generated greater maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) (14.3%, p = 0.02) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) (12.4%, p = 0.02). Moderate–strong relationships were found between strength-trained respiratory muscle strength (MIP and MEP) and squat and deadlift 1RM (r = 0.48–0.55, p ≤ 0.017). For the strength-trained participants, a strong relationship was found between MVV and VO₂ max (mL·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) (r = 0.63, p = 0.003) and a moderate relationship between MIP and fat-free mass (r = 0.42, p = 0.04). It appears that endurance compared to strength trainers have greater muscle endurance, while the latter group exhibits greater respiratory muscle strength. Differences in respiratory muscle strength in resistance trainers may be influenced by lower body strength.

中文翻译：

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耐力和力量训练男性的肺功能和呼吸肌适应


与力量训练计划相比，有氧耐力后的各种运动引起的适应已有充分记录，但专门针对呼吸系统适应的研究却很少。该研究的目的是检查主要从事耐力运动的训练者与力量相关运动的训练者之间的肺功能和呼吸肌力量是否存在差异。第二个目的是调查力量训练者的肺功能和呼吸肌力量是否与单次最大重复次数 (1RM) 相关，以及各组中的最大摄氧量₂和去脂体重是否相关。 46 名男性参与了这项研究，其中 24 名接受过力量训练的参与者（26.2 ± 6.4 岁）和 22 名接受过耐力训练的参与者（29.9 ± 7.6 岁）。测试涉及肺功能、呼吸肌力量、最大摄氧量_2、1RM和身体成分的测量。与接受力量训练的参与者相比，接受耐力训练的参与者具有更大的最大通气量 (MVV)（11.3%， p = 0.02）。与接受耐力训练的参与者相比，接受力量训练的参与者产生了更大的最大吸气压 (MIP)（14.3%， p = 0.02）和最大呼气压（MEP）（12.4%， p = 0.02）。力量训练呼吸肌力量（MIP 和 MEP）与深蹲和硬拉 1RM 之间存在中度至强关系（r = 0.48–0.55， p ≤ 0.017）。对于接受力量训练的参与者，MVV 和 VO ₂ max (mL·kg ⁻¹ ·min ⁻¹ ) (r = 0.63， p = 0.003) 之间存在很强的关系，而 MIP 和去脂体重之间存在中等关系 ( r = 0。42， p = 0.04）。与力量训练者相比，耐力训练者似乎具有更大的肌肉耐力，而后者则表现出更大的呼吸肌力量。阻力训练者呼吸肌力量的差异可能会受到下半身力量的影响。