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Does Cold-Water Endurance Swimming Affect Pulmonary Function in Healthy Adults?
Sports ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-10 , DOI: 10.3390/sports9010007
Camilla R. Illidi , Julie Stang , Jørgen Melau , Jonny Hisdal , Trine Stensrud

The acute effects of cold-water endurance swimming on the respiratory system have received little attention. We investigated pulmonary responses to cold-water endurance swimming in healthy recreational triathletes. Pulmonary function, alveolar diffusing capacity (DLCO), fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) and arterial oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry (SpO2) were assessed in 19 healthy adults one hour before and 2.5 h after a cold-water (mean ± SD, 10 ± 0.9 °C) swim trial (62 ± 27 min). In addition, 12 out of the 19 participants measured pulmonary function, forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) 3, 10, 20 and 45 min post-swim by maximal expiratory flow volume loops and DLCO by the single breath technique. FVC and FEV1 were significantly reduced 3 min post-swim (p = 0.02) (p = 0.04), respectively, and five of 12 participants (42%) experienced exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), defined as a ≥ 10% drop in FEV1. No significant changes were observed in pulmonary function 2.5 h post-swim. However, mean FENO and DLCO were significantly reduced by 7.1% and 8.1% (p = 0.01) and (p < 0.001), respectively, 2.5 h post-swim, accompanied by a 2.5% drop (p < 0.001) in SpO2. The absolute change in DLCO correlated significantly with the absolute decline in core temperature (r = 0.52; p = 0.02). Conclusion: Cold-water endurance swimming may affect the lungs in healthy recreational triathletes lasting up to 2.5 h post-swim. Some individuals appear to be more susceptible to pulmonary impairments than others, although these mechanisms need to be studied further.

中文翻译:

耐冷水游泳会影响健康成年人的肺功能吗?

耐冷水游泳对呼吸系统的急性影响很少受到关注。我们调查了健康休闲铁人三项运动员对冷水耐力游泳的肺部反应。在19名健康人的冷水前1小时和之后2.5小时对肺功能,肺泡弥散能力(D L CO),呼出的一氧化氮(FE NO)和动脉血氧饱和度进行了脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO 2)评价。 ±SD,10±0.9°C)游泳试验(62±27分钟)。此外,这19名参与者中有12名在一秒钟内测量了肺功能,强制肺活量(FVC)和强制呼气量(FEV 1)在游泳后3、10、20和45分钟通过最大呼气流量环和单次呼吸技术获得D L CO。游泳后3分钟FVC和FEV 1分别显着降低(p = 0.02)(p = 0.04),并且12名参与者中有5名(42%)经历了运动诱发的支气管狭窄(EIB),即下降≥10%在FEV 1中。游泳后2.5小时,肺功能未见明显变化。但是,平均FE NOD L CO分别降低了7.1%和8.1%(p = 0.01)和(p游泳后2.5 h分别<0.001),同时SpO 2下降2.5%(p <0.001)。D L CO的绝对变化与核心温度的绝对下降显着相关(r = 0.52;p = 0.02)。结论:耐冷水游泳可能会影响健康的休闲铁人三项运动员的肺部,持续时间长达2.5小时。尽管这些机制有待进一步研究,但某些个体似乎比其他个体更易患肺部疾病。
更新日期:2021-02-12
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