Moderate-intensity exercise is considered to enhance immune function and to be useful for preventing acute upper respiratory infections and similar conditions. Many people practice low-intensity short-duration exercise with the expectation of a beneficial effect on immunocompetency. However, it is difficult to affirm the existence of definite evidence of such a benefit. In this article, we discuss the effects of low-intensity short-duration exercise on cell-mediated immunity, and contrast them to the effects of high-intensity and long-duration exercise. Whereas high-intensity exercise induces inflammation and reduces cell-mediated immune system function, low-intensity exercise does not appear to have a large effect on either inflammation or cell-mediated immune function. Low-intensity exercises such as walking and yoga, which are helpful to relieve stress, cannot be considered as harmful to the immune system. Although yoga was shown to impose fewer restrictions on breathing and physical strain, the evidence that yoga enhances cell-mediated immunity remains insufficient. Therefore, further studies are needed to examine the exercise mode that may be most effective for improvement of immune functions.

中文翻译：

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运动强度对细胞介导的免疫力的影响

中等强度的运动被认为可以增强免疫功能，并有助于预防急性上呼吸道感染和类似疾病。许多人都在进行低强度的短时运动，期望对免疫能力产生有益的影响。但是，很难肯定是否存在这种好处的确切证据。在本文中，我们讨论了低强度短期锻炼对细胞介导的免疫的影响，并将它们与高强度长时间锻炼的影响进行了对比。尽管高强度运动会诱发炎症并降低细胞介导的免疫系统功能，但低强度运动似乎对炎症或细胞介导的免疫功能均无太大影响。低强度运动，例如步行和瑜伽，有助于缓解压力的物质，不能被认为对免疫系统有害。尽管瑜伽对呼吸和身体疲劳的限制较小，但瑜伽增强细胞介导的免疫力的证据仍然不足。因此，需要进一步的研究来检查对提高免疫功能最有效的运动方式。