Historically, cisco Coregonus artedi Lesueur was the predominant prey fish and target of commercial fisheries throughout Lake Superior, but most spawning stocks collapsed by the mid‐1900s. Stocks partially recovered by the early 1990s, but contemporary abundance is considered to be below historical levels and driven by intermittent recruitment. Stochastic, age‐structured simulation models were used to determine whether historical (pre‐1955) cisco yield in Lake Superior was consistent with contemporary (1992–2015) abundance, life‐history characteristics and recruitment dynamics. When compared to contemporary stocks, the findings suggest historical stocks had: (1) similar recruits per spawner at low spawning stock sizes; (2) lower rates of compensatory density dependence; (3) similar or lower recruitment variation depending on the area and (4) higher median adult and age‐1 density. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that eutrophication during the historical period supported greater recruitment and adult abundance and that re‐oligotrophication during the contemporary period may be limiting full recovery.

中文翻译：

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历史悠久的思科Coregonus artedi产量是否与苏必利尔湖的现代招募和丰产相一致？

从历史上看，思科Coregonus artedi莱索厄（Lesueur）是苏必利尔湖（Superior Lake）的主要猎物和商业渔业的目标，但到1900年代中期，大多数产卵种群都崩溃了。到1990年代初期，库存已部分恢复，但当代的丰度被认为低于历史水平，并受到间歇性招聘的推动。随机，年龄结构的模拟模型用于确定苏必利尔湖的历史（1955年前）思科产量是否与当代（1992-2015）的丰度，生活史特征和募集动态一致。与当代种群相比，研究结果表明历史种群具有：（1）在低产卵种群规模下，每个产卵者新兵相似；（2）补偿密度依赖性降低；（3）取决于区域的相似或较低的招聘变化，以及（4）较高的成人中位数和1岁以下的密度。