Trace metals play an important role in the regulation of primary productivity and phytoplankton community composition. Metal species directly affects the biogeochemical cycling processes, transport, fate, bioavailability and toxicity of trace metals. Therefore, developing powerful methods for metal speciation analysis is very useful for research in a range of fields, including chemical and environmental analysis. Voltammetric methods, such as anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) and competing ligand exchange-adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry (CLE-AdCSV), have been widely adopted for speciation analysis of metals in different natural aquatic systems. This paper provides an overview of the theory of voltammetric methods and their application for metal speciation analysis in natural waters, with a particular focus on current voltammetric methods for the discrimination of labile/inert fractions, redox species and covalently bound species. Speciation analysis of typical trace metals in natural waters including Fe, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb are presented and discussed in detail, with future perspectives for metal speciation analysis using voltammetric methods also discussed. This review can elaborate the particular knowledge of theory, merits, application and future challenge of voltammetric methods for speciation analysis of trace metals in natural waters.

微量金属在初级生产力和浮游植物群落组成的调节中起重要作用。金属物种直接影响痕量金属的生物地球化学循环过程，运输，命运，生物利用度和毒性。因此，开发强大的金属形态分析方法对包括化学和环境分析在内的许多领域的研究非常有用。伏安法，例如阳极溶出伏安法（ASV）和竞争性配体交换-吸附阴极溶出伏安法（CLE-AdCSV），已广泛用于不同天然水生系统中金属的形态分析。本文概述了伏安法的理论及其在天然水中金属形态分析中的应用，特别关注目前的伏安法，用于区分不稳定/惰性组分，氧化还原物质和共价键结合的物质。介绍和讨论了天然水中包括Fe，Cu，Zn，Cd和Pb的典型痕量金属的形态分析，并讨论了使用伏安法进行金属形态分析的未来前景。这篇综述可以阐述在天然水中痕量金属形态分析中伏安法的理论知识，优点，应用和未来挑战。还讨论了使用伏安法进行金属形态分析的未来前景。这篇综述可以阐述在天然水中痕量金属形态分析中伏安法的理论知识，优点，应用和未来挑战。还讨论了使用伏安法进行金属形态分析的未来前景。这篇综述可以阐述在天然水中痕量金属形态分析中伏安法的理论知识，优点，应用和未来挑战。