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Forum: A Change in the Ecological Understanding of Rangelands in the Great Basin and Intermountain West and Implications for Management: Revisiting Mack and Thompson (1982)
Rangeland Ecology & Management ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-12 , DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2021.01.003
Barry L. Perryman , Brad W. Schultz , Paul J. Meiman

Reevaluating assumptions about the ecology and management of sagebrush and salt desert shrub systems in the Great Basin and Intermountain West is a proper role for science. These are complex rangeland ecosystems, and our management applications need to account for this complexity. Understanding and reckoning this complexity is vital to the future existence of these rangeland systems and their ability to provide critical goods and ecosystem services to society. The most influential ecological claim of the past 40 yr is based on ideas presented by Mack and Thompson (1982), that Great Basin and Intermountain West plant communities evolved with few or perhaps no large hooved-grazing animals. Our thesis asserts that Mack and Thompson's position is based on 1) an oversimplification of complex, heterogeneous, and diverse ecosystems; 2) a poor understanding of science, both in 1982 and now; and 3) the attribution of all recent ecological changes to a single land use. We review the archaeological and historical record of vegetation and large grazing animals in the region and then revisit Mack and Thompson's (1982) interpretations of the rangeland plants and plant communities, forage quality and nutrition, and soil biotic crusts east and west of the Rocky Mountains, adding the information necessary for a more comprehensive interpretation. We finish by proposing an alternative paradigm to guide management and conservation of sagebrush and salt desert systems of the Great Basin and Intermountain West and beyond.



中文翻译:

论坛:大盆地和西部山区对牧场的生态理解的变化及其对管理的意义:麦克和汤普森的重访(1982年)

重新评估关于大盆地和西部山间地区的鼠尾草和盐沙漠灌木丛系统的生态学和管理假设对科学来说是适当的作用。这些是复杂的牧场生态系统,我们的管理应用程序需要考虑到这种复杂性。了解和估算这种复杂性对于这些牧场系统的未来生存及其向社会提供关键产品和生态系统服务的能力至关重要。过去40年中最具影响力的生态主张是基于Mack和Thompson(1982)提出的观点,即大盆地和西部山间植物群落的进化很少或可能没有大型的食草动物。我们的论断断言,麦克和汤普森的立场基于:1)过于简单化了复杂,异质和多样化的生态系统;2)在1982年至今,对科学的理解都很差;3)所有最近的生态变化归因于单一土地利用。我们回顾了该地区植被和大型放牧动物的考古和历史记录,然后回顾了Mack和Thompson(1982)对牧场植物和植物群落,牧草质量和营养以及落基山脉东部和西部的土壤生物结皮的解释,添加了更全面的解释所需的信息。最后,我们提出了一种替代范式,以指导大盆地和西山间及周边地区的鼠尾草和盐沙漠系统的管理和保护。我们回顾了该地区植被和大型放牧动物的考古和历史记录,然后回顾了Mack和Thompson(1982)对牧场植物和植物群落,牧草质量和营养以及落基山脉东部和西部的土壤生物结皮的解释,添加了更全面的解释所需的信息。最后,我们提出了一种替代范式,以指导大盆地和西山间及周边地区的鼠尾草和盐沙漠系统的管理和保护。我们回顾了该地区植被和大型放牧动物的考古和历史记录,然后回顾了Mack和Thompson(1982)对牧场植物和植物群落,牧草质量和营养以及落基山脉东部和西部的土壤生物结皮的解释,添加了更全面的解释所需的信息。最后,我们提出了一种替代范式,以指导大盆地和西山间及周边地区的鼠尾草和盐沙漠系统的管理和保护。添加必要的信息以进行更全面的解释。最后,我们提出了一种替代范式,以指导大盆地和西山间及周边地区的鼠尾草和盐沙漠系统的管理和保护。添加必要的信息以进行更全面的解释。最后,我们提出了一种替代范式,以指导大盆地和西山间及周边地区的鼠尾草和盐沙漠系统的管理和保护。

更新日期:2021-02-12
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