Ground surface elevation changes are closely linked to the dynamics of the active layer and near-surface permafrost. GNSS interferometric reflectometry (GNSS-IR), a technique utilizing reflected signals regarded as noise in the GNSS applications, such as positioning and navigation, can measure surface elevation changes in permafrost areas. In this study, we screen seven major open-data GNSS networks to identify the sites which are suitable for using GNSS-IR to study the permafrost areas in the Arctic. We identify 23 usable sites and obtain their surface elevation changes. As for the unusable sites in the permafrost areas, 68% and 25% of them are due to undulated reflecting surface and obstructions (e.g., buildings and trees), respectively. And 7% of the unsuitable sites are due to insufficient usable observations, though open and relatively smooth areas can be found in their surroundings. This study provides usable sites in the Arctic permafrost areas, which can fill some spatial gaps of the existing permafrost monitoring programs and provide complementary measurements to active layer thickness and permafrost temperature. The GNSS-IR measurements can provide new perspectives into permafrost studies and contribute to assessing the potential hazards of permafrost degradation to infrastructures and residential communities.

地表高程变化与活动层和近地表永久冻土的动态密切相关。GNSS 干涉反射计 (GNSS-IR) 是一种利用反射信号的技术，该技术在定位和导航等 GNSS 应用中被视为噪声，可以测量永久冻土区的表面高程变化。在这项研究中，我们筛选了七个主要的开放数据 GNSS 网络，以确定适合使用 GNSS-IR 研究北极永久冻土区的站点。我们确定了 23 个可用站点并获取它们的表面高程变化。对于多年冻土地区无法使用的场地，分别有68%和25%是由于起伏的反射面和障碍物（如建筑物和树木）造成的。而7%的不合适站点是由于可用观测不足，尽管在其周围可以找到开放且相对平滑的区域。本研究为北极多年冻土地区提供了可用站点，可以填补现有多年冻土监测计划的一些空间空白，并为活动层厚度和多年冻土温度提供补充测量。GNSS-IR 测量可为永久冻土研究提供新的视角，并有助于评估永久冻土退化对基础设施和住宅社区的潜在危害。