The rational design and synthesis of highly-efficient cathode catalysts are of importance to high-performance lithium-oxygen batteries (LOBs). In this work, We use crab shell waste as a carbon source through carbonization, activation, and sol-gel method to synthesize activated functional carbon (AFC) and fabricate CoPt/AFC catalyst for Li-O₂ batteries. The as-prepared AFC possesses abundant hydroxyl (OH‒) and amino (NH₂‒) groups as the link bridge for enhancing the metal-support interaction. Revealed by the density functional theory calculations, the tuned adsorption for intermediates and reduced overpotentials for both oxygen reduction and evolution reactions (ORR and OER) are achieved on such the composite structure. Experimentally, CoPt nanoparticles are evenly distributed on the surface of OH‒ and NH₂‒ functionalized porous carbon through the sol-gel method. The abundant pore structures in the resultant catalyst (CoPt/AFC) can provide sufficient room for depositing discharge products. Moreover, the side reactions are effectively suppressed, as evidenced by the in-situ Raman spectra. As a result, the LOBs with the CoPt/AFC cathode present excellent electrochemical performances with a high discharge specific capacity of 8.25 mAh cm⁻², a low overpotential of 0.47 V, and good cycling stability of 156 cycles.

合理设计和合成高效阴极催化剂对高性能锂氧电池（LOB）至关重要。在这项工作中，我们将螃蟹壳废料通过碳化，活化和溶胶-凝胶法用作碳源，以合成活性功能碳（AFC）并制备用于Li-O ₂电池的CoPt / AFC催化剂。制备的AFC具有丰富的羟基（OH‒）和氨基（NH ₂‒）作为连接桥来增强金属与载体的相互作用。通过密度泛函理论计算可以揭示，在这种复合结构上，可以实现中间体的吸附吸附和氧还原反应和放出反应（ORR和OER）的降低的过电势。实验中，CoPt纳米颗粒均匀地分布在OH‒和NH ₂的表面上porous通过溶胶-凝胶法将多孔碳官能化。所得催化剂（CoPt / AFC）中的孔结构丰富，可为沉积放电产物提供足够的空间。此外，如原位拉曼光谱所证明的，副反应被有效抑制。结果，具有CoPt / AFC阴极的LOB表现出优异的电化学性能，具有8.25mAh cm ^-2的高放电比容量，0.47V的低过电势以及156个循环的良好循环稳定性。