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Time for change: Learning from community forests to enhance the resilience of multi-value forestry in British Columbia, Canada
Land Use Policy ( IF 6.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-11 , DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2021.105317
Tahia Devisscher , Jillian Spies , Verena Griess

Forests around the world are experiencing the cumulative effects of rapid social and environmental change. Building resilience in the forestry sector has thus become of major importance in many countries, including Canada. While British Columbia (BC) generates the highest revenue from the forestry sector in Canada, the planning and management of forests in this province face several limitations that hinder the application of resilience thinking in a fully integrated way that accounts not only for ecosystem processes but also the close interconnection between forests and people. Community forestry in BC provides experience gained over 20 years that can form the basis for a more holistic, long-term approach to enhance the resilience of forested landscapes. Based on interviews with managers of 5 case study community forests (CFs), and a survey of all CFs in BC over three consecutive years, we present pilot practices to manage forests for resilience at the stand- and landscape-levels. Findings show that these practices mainly focus on (1) age and species diversification, (2) introduction of more drought-tolerant species, (3) systematic long-term monitoring of productivity and forest health, (4) wildfire risk management, and (5) introduction of enhanced silviculture such as thinning, rehabilitation and fertilization. Between 2016 and 2018, 38 CFs in BC invested more than CAD 4.5 million in enhanced silvicultural practices using their own funds. The area-based tenure of CFs motivated not only long-term planning and investment, but also shifted the mindset among residents towards a more multi-functional and dynamic view of the forest. Building adaptive capacity and social license, CFs foster a future where forest health and community well-being are compatible. These lessons can be scaled to BC and other forested landscapes in Canada and around the world. Scaling mechanisms include: (1) facilitating knowledge exchange; (2) increasing multi-stakeholder collaboration; (3) replication and mainstreaming of effective practices; (4) rethinking the forest tenure system; and (5) systematic research and monitoring to learn from pilot studies that could inform strategic interventions with landscape-scale impact. Multi-functional forests which are increasingly affected by climate change and novel disturbances could particularly benefit from the insights shared in this paper to build social-ecological resilience.



中文翻译:

变革时刻:在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省向社区森林学习,以提高多价值林业的适应力

世界各地的森林都在经历着迅速的社会和环境变化的累积影响。因此,在包括加拿大在内的许多国家,提高林业部门的抵御能力已变得至关重要。虽然不列颠哥伦比亚省(BC)从加拿大林业部门获得最高收入,但该省的森林规划和管理面临一些局限性,阻碍了以完全整合的方式应用弹性思维的能力,这种思维方式不仅要考虑生态系统过程,还要考虑到森林与人之间的紧密联系。卑诗省的社区林业提供了20多年的经验,这些经验可以为采用更全面,更长期的方法来增强森林景观的复原力奠定基础。根据对5个案例研究社区森林(CF)经理的访谈,并连续三年对不列颠哥伦比亚省所有CF进行了调查,我们提出了在林分和景观水平上管理森林以增强适应力的试点实践。调查结果表明,这些做法主要集中在(1)年龄和物种多样化,(2)引入更多的耐旱物种,(3)对生产力和森林健康进行系统的长期监测,(4)野火风险管理以及( 5)引入强化造林,例如间伐,修复和施肥。在2016年至2018年之间,不列颠哥伦比亚省38个CFs使用自有资金投资了超过450万加元用于改进造林实践。CF的基于区域的使用权不仅激发了长期的规划和投资,而且还改变了居民的思维方式,朝着更加多功能和动态的森林观发展。通过建立适应能力和社会许可,社区合作社将创造一个森林健康与社区福祉兼容的未来。这些课程可以扩展到不列颠哥伦比亚省和加拿大以及世界各地的其他森林景观。扩展机制包括:(1)促进知识交流;(2)加强多方利益相关者的合作;(3)复制有效做法并将其主流化;(4)重新思考林权制度;(5)系统研究和监测,以从试点研究中学习,可以为具有景观规模影响的战略干预提供信息。越来越多地受到气候变化和新型干扰影响的多功能森林可能会特别受益于本文共享的见识,以建立社会生态适应力。CFs创造了森林健康与社区福祉兼容的未来。这些课程可以扩展到不列颠哥伦比亚省和加拿大以及世界各地的其他森林景观。扩展机制包括:(1)促进知识交流;(2)加强多方利益相关者的合作;(3)复制有效做法并将其主流化;(4)重新思考林权制度;(5)系统研究和监测,以从试点研究中学习,可以为具有景观规模影响的战略干预提供信息。越来越多地受到气候变化和新型干扰影响的多功能森林可能会特别受益于本文共享的见识,以建立社会生态适应力。CFs创造了森林健康与社区福祉兼容的未来。这些课程可以扩展到不列颠哥伦比亚省和加拿大以及世界各地的其他森林景观。扩展机制包括:(1)促进知识交流;(2)加强多方利益相关者的合作;(3)复制有效做法并将其主流化;(4)重新思考林权制度;(5)系统研究和监测,以从试点研究中学习,可以为具有景观规模影响的战略干预提供信息。越来越多地受到气候变化和新型干扰影响的多功能森林可能会特别受益于本文共享的见识,以建立社会生态适应力。扩展机制包括:(1)促进知识交流;(2)加强多方利益相关者的合作;(3)复制有效做法并将其主流化;(4)重新思考林权制度;(5)系统研究和监测,以从试点研究中学习,可以为具有景观规模影响的战略干预提供信息。越来越多地受到气候变化和新型干扰影响的多功能森林可能会特别受益于本文共享的见识,以建立社会生态适应力。扩展机制包括:(1)促进知识交流;(2)加强多方利益相关者的合作;(3)复制有效做法并将其主流化;(4)重新思考林权制度;(5)系统研究和监测,以从试点研究中学习,可以为具有景观规模影响的战略干预提供信息。越来越多地受到气候变化和新型干扰影响的多功能森林可能会特别受益于本文共享的见识,以建立社会生态适应力。(5)系统研究和监测,以从试点研究中学习,可以为具有景观规模影响的战略干预提供信息。越来越多地受到气候变化和新型干扰影响的多功能森林可能会特别受益于本文共享的见识,以建立社会生态适应力。(5)系统研究和监测,以从试点研究中学习,可以为具有景观规模影响的战略干预提供信息。越来越多地受到气候变化和新型干扰影响的多功能森林可能会特别受益于本文共享的见识,以建立社会生态适应力。

更新日期:2021-02-12
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