In this study, two inorganic phase change materials (PCM) were tested to be used for thermal control of lithium-ion batteries. Paraffin wax was used as a reference material. To increase thermal conductivity, the PCMs were impregnated into the expanded graphite matrix, forming composite PCM (CPCM). Four types of Li-ion battery packs were manufactured to show the difference in performance between the packs with various CPCMs and No-CPCM.

Electrical cycling studies at ambient temperature showed that at C/2 discharge the No-CPCM pack surpasses 35 °C, while all CPCM packs remain around 30 °C, demonstrating similar behavior. At 1C discharge, No-CPCM pack reaches 49 °C, whereas the CPCM packs do not exceed 40 °C. At 2C discharge, the No-CPCM pack overpassed the safety limit of 65 °C and was stopped before completing the first discharge. The CPCM packs successfully completed the cycling. Studies performed at 45 °C demonstrate a similar trend, but with higher peak temperatures. Nail penetration testing proved that the inorganic CPCMс inhibited the pack from self-accelerated degradation, successfully prevented thermal runaway propagation and potential explosion. Low cost and incombustibility make inorganic PCMs а viable alternative to the organic PCMs, with a positive impact on environmental and economic issues.

在这项研究中，测试了两种无机相变材料（PCM）用于锂离子电池的热控制。石蜡用作参考材料。为了提高导热率，将PCM浸入膨胀的石墨基体中，形成复合PCM（CPCM）。制造了四种类型的锂离子电池组，以显示具有各种CPCM和No-CPCM的电池组之间的性能差异。

在环境温度下进行的电循环研究表明，在C / 2放电时，No-CPCM电池组的温度超过35°C，而所有CPCM电池组的温度都保持在30°C左右，这表现出相似的行为。在1C放电时，No-CPCM电池组温度达到49°C，而CPCM电池组温度不超过40°C。在2C放电时，No-CPCM电池组超过了65°C的安全极限，并在完成第一次放电之前停止运行。CPCM包成功完成了循环。在45°C下进行的研究表明了类似的趋势，但峰值温度更高。钉子渗透测试证明，无机CPCM®抑制了包装的自加速降解，成功地防止了热失控扩散和潜在爆炸。低成本和不燃性使无机PCM成为有机PCM的可行替代品，