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Calibration of hydrogen Coriolis flow meters using nitrogen and air and investigation of the influence of temperature on measurement accuracy
Flow Measurement and Instrumentation ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-12 , DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2021.101915
Marc MacDonald , Marc de Huu , Rémy Maury , Oliver Büker

The performance of four Coriolis flow meters designed for use in hydrogen refuelling stations was evaluated with air and nitrogen by three members of the MetroHyVe JRP consortium; NEL, METAS and CESAME EXADEBIT.

A wide range of conditions were tested overall, with gas flow rates ranging from (0.05–2) kg/min and pressures ranging from (20–86) bar. The majority of tests were conducted at nominal pressures of either 20 bar or 40 bar, in order to match the density of hydrogen at 350 bar and 20 °C or 700 bar and −40 °C. For the conditions tested, pressure did not have a noticeable influence on meter performance.

When the flow meters were operated at ambient temperatures and within the manufacturer's recommended flow rate ranges, errors were generally within ±1%. Errors within ±0.5% were achievable for the medium to high flow rates.

The influence of temperature on meter performance was also studied, with testing under both stable and transient conditions and temperatures as low as −40 °C.

When the tested flow meters were allowed sufficient time to reach thermal equilibrium with the incoming gas, temperature effects were limited. The magnitude and spread of errors increased, but errors within ±2% were achievable at moderate to high flow rates. Conversely, errors as high as 15% were observed in tests where logging began before temperatures stabilised and there was a large difference in temperature between the flow meter and the incoming gas.

One of the flow meters tested with nitrogen was later installed in a hydrogen refuelling station and tested against the METAS Hydrogen Field Test Standard (HFTS). Under these conditions, errors ranged from 0.47% to 0.91%. Testing with nitrogen at the same flow rates yielded errors of −0.61% to −0.82%.



中文翻译:

用氮气和空气校准氢科里奥利流量计,并研究温度对测量精度的影响

MetroHyVe JRP联盟的三名成员用空气和氮气对四台用于加氢站的科里奥利流量计的性能进行了评估。NEL,METAS和CESAME EXADEBIT。

总体上测试了各种各样的条件,气体流速范围为(0.05–2)kg / min,压力范围为(20–86)bar。大多数测试都是在20 bar或40 bar的标称压力下进行的,以匹配350 bar和20°C或700 bar和−40°C的氢气密度。对于测试条件,压力对仪表性能没有明显影响。

当流量计在环境温度下且在制造商建议的流量范围内运行时,误差通常在±1%以内。对于中等至高流速,误差可达到±0.5%之内。

还研究了温度对仪表性能的影响,并在稳定和瞬态条件以及低至−40°C的温度下进行测试。

当允许测试的流量计有足够的时间与进入的气体达到热平衡时,温度影响会受到限制。误差的大小和散布增加了,但是在中等至高流速下,误差可达到±2%之内。相反,在温度稳定之前开始测井的测试中,观察到高达15%的误差,并且流量计和输入气体之间的温度差很大。

其中一台用氮气测试过的流量计后来安装在加氢站中,并根据METAS氢气现场测试标准(HFTS)进行了测试。在这些条件下,误差范围为0.47%至0.91%。在相同流速下用氮气进行测试会产生-0.61%至-0.82%的误差。

更新日期:2021-03-05
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