This work presents a comparative assessment of different computation models with considering varying degrees of physics for the challenges within the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Additive Manufacturing benchmark problem AMB2018-02. The melt pool geometry, cooling rates, and dendritic microstructure of the single laser scan tracks on bare Inconel 625 plates are predicted by three types of computational models, namely the high fidelity welding model, fluid model, and conduction model for two cases without and with the formation of keyholes. The molten pool geometry in terms of its depth, width, and length as well as the cooling rates at the surface is used for comparing simulated results of various approaches against the NIST experimental results from the two testbeds, which are referred to as the additive manufacturing metrology test bed and commercial build machine (CBM) cases. A comparison of the spatial distribution of cooling rates is also presented to illustrate the importance of using a high fidelity welding model. The thermal gradient and the growth rate of the solid-to-liquid interface are used to predict the primary dendrite arm spacing. It is identified that the high fidelity welding model played a pivotal role in achieving accurate predictions of the CBM cases. The CBM cases with a higher laser energy density resulted in keyhole formation, which led to a high aspect ratio of the molten pool shape. Neglecting the keyhole model leads to large under-predictions of the molten pool depth. Additionally, the correct primary dendrite arm spacing prediction of the CBM cases is only possible with the keyhole model.

这项工作提出了对不同计算模型的比较评估，其中考虑了不同程度的物理学，以应对美国国家标准技术研究院（NIST）增材制造基准问题AMB2018-02中的挑战。Inconel 625裸板上的单个激光扫描轨迹的熔池几何形状，冷却速率和树枝状组织是通过三种类型的计算模型进行预测的，即两种情况下（高保真焊接模型，流体模型和传导模型）的有无情况。锁眼的形成。根据熔池的深度，宽度和长度以及表面冷却速率的几何形状，可将各种方法的模拟结果与两个试验台的NIST实验结果进行比较，被称为增材制造计量测试台和商用组装机（CBM）箱。还对冷却速率的空间分布进行了比较，以说明使用高保真焊接模型的重要性。固-液界面的热梯度和增长率用于预测主要枝晶臂间距。可以确定，高保真焊接模型在实现对CBM情况的准确预测中起着关键作用。激光能量密度较高的煤层气案例导致形成了小孔，这导致了熔池形状的高深宽比。忽略锁孔模型会导致对熔池深度的严重低估。此外，