The consideration of residual stresses in fatigue-loaded welds is currently done only qualitatively without reliable knowledge about their real distribution, amount and prefix. Therefore, the tools which enable a more or less unsafe consideration in design concepts are mainly based on unsafe experiences and doubtful assumptions. Since the use of explicitly determined residual stresses outside the welding community is state of the art, the target of the presented paper is to show a practicable way for an enhanced consideration of residual stresses in the current design tools. This is not only limited on residual stresses induced by welding, but also on post-weld treatment processes like HFMI or shot peening. Results of extended experiments with longitudinal fillet welds and butt welds of low and high strength steels evidently show that an improved use of residual stresses in fatigue strength approximation enables a better evaluation of peening processes as well as of material adjusted welding procedures or post-weld stress relief treatments. The concept shows that it is generally possible to overcome the existing extremely conservative but although unsafe rules and regulations and may also enable the improved use of high strength steels.

目前，对疲劳载荷焊缝中残余应力的考虑只是定性的，而没有关于其真实分布，数量和前缀的可靠知识。因此，在设计概念中或多或少考虑不安全因素的工具主要是基于不安全经验和令人怀疑的假设。由于在焊接社区外部使用明确确定的残余应力是最新技术，因此本文的目标是显示一种可行的方式，以在当前设计工具中进一步考虑残余应力。这不仅限于焊接引起的残余应力，而且还限于诸如HFMI或喷丸处理的焊接后处理工艺。低和高强度钢的纵向角焊和对接焊缝的扩展实验结果表明，在疲劳强度近似中改进使用残余应力可以更好地评估喷丸工艺以及材料调整的焊接程序或焊后应力救济治疗。该概念表明，通常可以克服现有的极其保守但不安全的规章制度，并且还可以改善高强度钢的使用。