ABSTRACT Although the efficiency of social-protection programmes depends on their coverage and the accurate targeting of those in need, the identification of beneficiaries can result from interpersonal relationships and political favouritism. This paper explores the impact of political favouritism on the identification of beneficiaries of Pakistan’s Benazir Income Support Programme (BISP) in Sargodha district of Punjab in Pakistan. A comparison of beneficiaries identified by parliamentary representatives with those identified by a Poverty Score Card survey method reveals that the former were not the poorest and did not satisfy the stated selection criteria, while the existence of these two methods was a cause of conflict whose probability increased with the degree of political favouritism, lack of education and rural–urban disparities, but decreased with increases in the level of income.

中文翻译：

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政治偏爱和社会冲突：以巴基斯坦的贝纳齐尔收入支持计划（BISP）为例

摘要尽管社会保护计划的效率取决于其覆盖面和对有需要者的准确锁定，但受益人的识别可能源于人际关系和政治偏爱。本文探讨了政治偏爱对识别巴基斯坦旁遮普省萨戈达地区的贝纳齐尔收入支持计划（BISP）受益人的影响。将议会代表确定的受益人与贫困记分卡调查方法确定的受益人进行比较后发现，前者不是最贫穷的人，也不符合指定的甄选标准，而这两种方法的存在是造成冲突的原因，其可能性增加政治上的偏爱程度，缺乏教育和城乡差距，